{"id":13057,"date":"2021-10-04T00:00:11","date_gmt":"2021-10-03T22:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/?p=13057"},"modified":"2024-07-02T18:25:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T16:25:37","slug":"guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/","title":{"rendered":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" id=\"francais\">\n<p>Nous vous donnons rendez-vous le samedi 6 novembre 2021 \u00e0 Vichy Ench\u00e8res, pour d\u00e9couvrir une raret\u00e9 sur le march\u00e9 : un mod\u00e8le in\u00e9dit d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare ! L\u2019instrument, qui dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re, appartenait jadis au prince et \u00e0 la princesse Toporkoff. Par sa finesse et son raffinement, cette guitare de 1882 (d\u00e9nomm\u00e9e SE35) est une d\u00e9monstration de l\u2019incontestable excellence des instruments du ma\u00eetre, tout comme de la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de son renom universel.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-resultats.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">R\u00e9sultats<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-catalogue.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Catalogue<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Contact<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--4\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/vichy-encheres\/equipe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Experts<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--5\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"#english\">English version<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.podcastics.com\/player\/extended\/3776\/113436\/\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border-radius: 10px;\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La r\u00e9volution Torres<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les d\u00e9buts \u00e0 Vera et Grenade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une vie difficile<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Antonio de Torres est n\u00e9 le 13 juin 1817 \u00e0 La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, pr\u00e8s d\u2019Almeria en Andalousie. Son p\u00e8re est percepteur d\u2019imp\u00f4t et il vit avec ses parents \u00e0 Vera jusqu\u2019en 1834. \u00c0 12 ans, comme il \u00e9tait d\u2019usage \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, il commence un apprentissage aupr\u00e8s du menuisier et luthier Jos\u00e9 Pernas \u00e0 Grenade. Lorsque la Premi\u00e8re Guerre carliste \u00e9clate en 1833, il est \u00e2g\u00e9 de 16 ans et est enr\u00f4l\u00e9 dans le r\u00e9giment de Lorca, avant d\u2019\u00eatre r\u00e9form\u00e9 pour raisons m\u00e9dicales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afin de lui \u00e9viter une nouvelle incorporation, ses parents organisent son mariage avec Juana Lopez, la fille d\u2019un commer\u00e7ant, \u00e2g\u00e9e de 13 ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> En effet, seuls les c\u00e9libataires et les veufs sans enfant \u00e9taient appel\u00e9s \u00e0 combattre. On le retrouve dans les registres des guildes des menuisiers de la ville de Vera de 1835 \u00e0 1837<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Il fait cependant faillite en 1839 suite \u00e0 de multiples dettes. De son union avec Juana Lopez naissent trois filles en 1836, 1839 et 1842, mais les deux derni\u00e8res meurent en bas \u00e2ge. En 1845, sa femme meurt \u00e9galement pr\u00e9cocement de la tuberculose, \u00e0 seulement 23 ans. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"> <a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise et Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>La Guitare Espagnole 1750-1950<\/em>, Camino Verde, p.116. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1853\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait d'Antonio de Torres\" class=\"wp-image-13317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg 1853w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-741x1024.jpg 741w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-768x1061.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1112x1536.jpg 1112w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1482x2048.jpg 1482w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1568x2167.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-72x100.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1853px) 100vw, 1853px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait d&#8217;Antonio de Torres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019influence de Jos\u00e9 Pernas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>On ne conna\u00eet pas les circonstances exactes de la fabrication de sa premi\u00e8re guitare, qui remonterait selon Martinez Sirvent<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, \u00e0 la naissance d\u2019un de ses enfants &#8211; soit entre 1836 et 1842. Certains chercheurs, tels qu\u2019Emilio Pujol, consid\u00e8rent qu\u2019il travaille de nouveau avec Jos\u00e9 Pernas en 1845, dans son atelier situ\u00e9 8 calle Plazuela \u00e0 Grenade<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>, mais il n\u2019en subsiste aucune archive<a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>Antonio de Torres, Guitar Maker &#8211; His Life and Word<\/em>, Element Books Ltd, p.15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise et Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op.cit<\/em>, p.116.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Toutefois, il existe une guitare sign\u00e9e Torres<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 1852,  qui pr\u00e9sente de r\u00e9elles similitudes stylistiques et techniques avec certains instruments de Jos\u00e9 Pernas, \u00e0 l\u2019image de ce mod\u00e8le de 1836 (vente Castor-Hara, 2016). Ces deux instruments partagent d\u2019\u00e9tonnantes caract\u00e9ristiques, notamment une t\u00eate \u00e0 \u201ccrosse sculpt\u00e9e appel\u00e9e roete\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> et un large chevalet en demi-lune pourvu de chevilles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1845, apr\u00e8s un d\u00e9but d\u2019existence difficile et tragique, Torres part pour S\u00e9ville, confiant sa fille \u00e0 ses beaux-parents.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.90.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1709\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13088\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de TORRES, Almeria (Espagne), 1852\" class=\"wp-image-13088\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg 1709w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-684x1024.jpg 684w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-768x1150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1026x1536.jpg 1026w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1367x2048.jpg 1367w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1568x2348.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1709px) 100vw, 1709px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de TORRES, Almeria (Espagne), 1852<br>Etiquette : &#8220;La Hizo \/ Antonio de Torres Jurado \/ Almeria Ano de 1852&#8221;<br>Conserv\u00e9 au Mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<br>\u00a9 Alberto Martinez<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"958\" height=\"1440\" data-id=\"13090\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Jos\u00e9 Pernas, 1836 - Vente Castor-Hara, 2016\" class=\"wp-image-13090\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg 958w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-768x1154.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Jos\u00e9 Pernas, 1836<br> Vente Castor-Hara, 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le choc culturel \u00e0 S\u00e9ville : la premi\u00e8re \u00e9poque 1845-70<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019\u00e9cole de S\u00e9ville<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 S\u00e9ville, son go\u00fbt pour la lutherie s\u2019affirme. La ville est l\u2019une des plus importantes d\u2019Espagne et prosp\u00e8re \u00e9conomiquement. En 1844, le duc de Montpensier installe sa r\u00e9sidence au palais de San Telmo, contribuant ainsi au d\u00e9veloppement culturel de la ville par le financement des arts. S\u00e9ville offre d\u00e8s lors de nombreuses opportunit\u00e9s aux artistes et artisans et beaucoup de luthiers y ouvrent leur atelier &#8211; dont plusieurs fabricants de guitares. Une \u00e9cole stylistique \u00e9merge alors, avec ses propres caract\u00e9ristiques. Torres s\u2019installe dans le quartier traditionnellement fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 par les luthiers et a pour voisins Jos\u00e9 Serrano, Manuel Soto ou encore Diego Salazar<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Selon Domingo Prat, il aurait m\u00eame partag\u00e9 un atelier avec Manuel Guti\u00e9rrez<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, un c\u00e9l\u00e8bre luthier dont Vichy Ench\u00e8res vendait un instrument le 7 novembre 2020. Guti\u00e9rrez c\u00e8de par la suite son \u201catelier \u00e0 Manuel Soto y Solares qui, \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, aurait employ\u00e9 Torres un moment\u2026 Il est fort possible que quelques guitares sortant de son atelier soient le travail non sign\u00e9 d\u2019un Torres encore inconnu.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise et Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.138.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-7 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"9395\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ\" class=\"wp-image-9395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 7 novembre 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13093\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ\" class=\"wp-image-13093\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 7 novembre 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Premi\u00e8res guitares authentifi\u00e9es et invention de <em>La Leona<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bien que Torres ait certainement fabriqu\u00e9 sa premi\u00e8re guitare \u00e0 Grenade ou Vera, les plus anciennes guitares authentifi\u00e9es qu\u2019on lui connaisse appartiennent stylistiquement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole de S\u00e9ville. En effet, la premi\u00e8re date de 1854 et \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence de Pernas &#8211; qui utilisait une forme de caisse proche des guitares romantiques, un chevalet sans sillet amovible et une t\u00eate \u00e0 volute &#8211; Torres concevait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des guitares avec un fond plus large et un syst\u00e8me de barrage \u00e0 7 brins dit en \u00e9ventail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Par cons\u00e9quent, la finesse et le mod\u00e8le de cette guitare authentique ont davantage de points communs avec des instruments de Jos\u00e9 Recio, Juan Moreno ou encore Francisco Sanguino &#8211; ce dernier produisait notamment des mod\u00e8les de grande qualit\u00e9 artisanale bien en avance sur ses contemporains et avait une grande conscience des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s acoustiques des mat\u00e9riaux. C\u2019est en tout cas \u00e0 S\u00e9ville, en 1856, que Torres fabrique la premi\u00e8re guitare dite moderne : <em>La Leona<\/em>&#8230; <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-8 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"207\" height=\"564\" data-id=\"13096\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg\" alt=\"Antonio de Torres, 1854, Casa Ramirez, Madrid\" class=\"wp-image-13096\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg 207w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007-110x300.jpeg 110w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007-37x100.jpeg 37w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Antonio de Torres, 1854, Casa Ramirez, Madrid \/ photo tir\u00e9e du livre Antonio de Torres y la Guitarra Andaluza, C\u00f3rdoba, 2007<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"686\" height=\"1535\" data-id=\"13098\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de TORRES - La Leona\" class=\"wp-image-13098\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg 686w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-134x300.jpg 134w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-458x1024.jpg 458w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-45x100.jpg 45w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de TORRES &#8211; La Leona, 1856<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The famous Antonio de Torres &#039;La Leona&#039; played by Wulfin Lieske at Siccas Guitars\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/n_Hp9g2HVF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019impact de Torres sur la carri\u00e8re des musiciens<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Juli\u00e1n Arcas et le changement de r\u00e9pertoire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>C\u2019est suite aux conseils de son ami et musicien Juli\u00e1n Arcas (1832-1882) que Torres fabrique la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre <em>Leona<\/em>. Cette guitare a un r\u00e9el impact sur la carri\u00e8re d\u2019Arcas, puisqu\u2019elle lui permet de gagner en expressivit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9velopper son r\u00e9pertoire. Le musicien conna\u00eet alors la notori\u00e9t\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses compositions originales qui int\u00e8grent pour la premi\u00e8re fois des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de musique populaire ou qui reproduisent des \u0153uvres con\u00e7ues pour d\u2019autres instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Alors que les luthiers de l\u2019\u00e9poque conservaient la forme ancienne de la guitare et introduisaient seulement quelques nouveaux \u00e9l\u00e9ments, Torres en r\u00e9invente la forme et les proportions. Plus qu\u2019un nouveau mod\u00e8le, l\u2019invention de Torres offre une in\u00e9dite qualit\u00e9 de jeu qui se traduit par un changement radical dans la conception et l\u2019utilisation de la guitare. En d\u00e9coule une v\u00e9ritable rupture dans la pratique de l\u2019instrument, qui a davantage les moyens de s\u2019\u00e9manciper de l\u2019orchestre. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-9 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"488\" height=\"694\" data-id=\"13105\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Juli\u00e1n Arcas - Collection Fernando Alonso\" class=\"wp-image-13105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso.jpg 488w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso-70x100.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Juli\u00e1n Arcas &#8211; Collection Fernando Alonso <br>Photo tir\u00e9e du livre de Giovanni Accornero &#8220;Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna&#8221;, Edizioni Museo del Violino, 2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Fantas\u00eda sobre motivos de la Traviata (Julian Arcas)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Rx8EhkRTLXQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le succ\u00e8s de Francisco T\u00e1rrega<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres participe \u00e9galement au succ\u00e8s du plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre guitariste espagnol du XIX<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle :&nbsp; Francisco T\u00e1rrega (1852 &#8211; 1909). Il le rencontre en 1869 alors qu\u2019il est encore m\u00e9connu, mais le talent du guitariste l\u2019incite \u00e0 lui offrir une guitare fabriqu\u00e9e en 1864 : la FE17. L\u2019instrument offre un potentiel sonore sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent qui va largement contribuer au succ\u00e8s de T\u00e1rrega. Il en joue pendant 20 ans et ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en 1888 qu\u2019il le troque contre une autre guitare de Torres, identique au mod\u00e8le SE113<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">voir photos de l&#8217;exposition <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em><\/a> ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Giovanni Accornero, <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em>, Edizioni Museo del Violino, 2018, p.19.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Le guitariste peut d\u00e8s lors s\u2019inspirer du r\u00e9pertoire romantique pour piano, de Chopin \u00e0 Schumann, ce qui contribue au d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019une nouvelle \u00e9criture musicale et \u00e0 la mise en valeur de la guitare comme instrument ind\u00e9pendant. Miguel Llobet, \u00e9l\u00e8ve de T\u00e1rrega vivant \u00e0 Barcelone, perp\u00e9tue ce style en jouant sur plusieurs guitares de Torres, dont la FE09 de 1859 qu&#8217;il appr\u00e9cie beaucoup et qui deviendra le mod\u00e8le d&#8217;un des plus importants fabricants du XX<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle : Hermann Hauser. Torres entre ainsi en contact avec les plus grands guitaristes de l\u2019\u00e9poque et, alors qu\u2019il vit \u00e0 Barcelone entre 1884 et 1885, est accueilli par les musiciens Antonio (1811-1897) et Federico Cano (1838-1904) dans leur maison, o\u00f9 il va r\u00e9aliser plusieurs guitares, telles que la SE77 en 1884<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">voir photos de l&#8217;exposition <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em>)<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"990\" height=\"557\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Francisco Tarrega\" class=\"wp-image-13259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited.jpg 990w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-100x56.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Francisco Tarrega jouant sur la SE114 de Torres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"T\u00e1rrega on Torres FE-17 (Gutmeier)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5L__3O6jNFM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Torres et l\u2019invention de la guitare moderne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Si Antonio de Torres est mondialement connu et consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le Stradivarius de la guitare, c\u2019est qu\u2019il a donn\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019instrument une nouvelle forme et des qualit\u00e9s sonores r\u00e9volutionnaires, qui seront imit\u00e9es apr\u00e8s lui et qui resteront la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence universelle. Il a ainsi invent\u00e9 la guitare moderne, tout comme Stradivarius avait avant lui pos\u00e9 les bases du violon moderne. Tout en h\u00e9ritant du savoir-faire traditionnel des luthiers espagnols, il a su d\u00e9velopper sa propre conception de la guitare en augmentant ses dimensions et en changeant ses caract\u00e9ristiques structurelles et constructives, lui conf\u00e9rant ainsi une sonorit\u00e9 singuli\u00e8re, plus puissante et plus profonde, ainsi que de riches capacit\u00e9s d\u2019expressions musicales. Les nouvelles potentialit\u00e9s de la guitare ont permis de changer le regard port\u00e9 sur l\u2019instrument, d\u00e8s lors capable de produire plus d\u2019expressions sonores :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cSometimes the instrument was sonorous almost to resonance; then it had the deep constraint of a contra-basso; again it would emit notes of harmony pellucid in their clearness\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>Brighton Guardian, 29 October, 1862, cit\u00e9 dans <em>op. cit.<\/em>, Element Books Ltd, p.163.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>La perfection de ses guitares \u00e9tait telle que ses mod\u00e8les se diffus\u00e8rent tr\u00e8s rapidement dans le monde. Pour en arriver l\u00e0, le luthier mena un grand nombre de recherches sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leur impact sur la sonorit\u00e9. Il s\u2019int\u00e9ressa particuli\u00e8rement au barrage et au r\u00f4le de la table d\u2019harmonie, qui selon lui conditionnent le son de l\u2019instrument. Pour d\u00e9montrer sa th\u00e9orie,<a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309199\/?resultsetnav=613777d7efcc6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> il fabriqua en 1862 une guitare dont la caisse est en papier m\u00e2ch\u00e9<\/a>, confirmant le r\u00f4le essentiel de la table. La guitare est aujourd\u2019hui conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone. Ses guitares ont \u00e9t\u00e9 couronn\u00e9es de succ\u00e8s et il remporta notamment une m\u00e9daille de bronze \u00e0 l\u2019exposition de S\u00e9ville pour sa guitare <em>La Cumbre<\/em>, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 1858.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-10 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"462\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"13262\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg\" alt=\"guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1862\" class=\"wp-image-13262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg 462w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2-173x300.jpg 173w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2-58x100.jpg 58w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1862<br>Caisse en papier m\u00e2ch\u00e9 Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"875\" data-id=\"13119\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare La Cumbre d'Antonio de Torres, 1858.\" class=\"wp-image-13119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg 331w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre-113x300.jpg 113w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre-38x100.jpg 38w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare <em>La Cumbre<\/em> d\u2019Antonio de Torres, 1858. M\u00e9daille de bronze \u00e0 l\u2019exposition de S\u00e9ville<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des raret\u00e9s sur le march\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Les guitares authentiques de Torres sont particuli\u00e8rement rares sur le march\u00e9. On en conna\u00eet quatre exemples, dont deux vendues par Christie\u2019s en 2007 et 2009, et deux autres par Brompton\u2019s en 2014 et 2015. \u00c0 l\u2019exception de la guitare vendue chez Brompton\u2019s le 27 octobre 2014 &#8211; r\u00e9alis\u00e9e \u00e0 Alm\u00e9ria en 1888 &#8211; toutes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ues lors de la \u201cpremi\u00e8re \u00e9poque\u201d \u00e0 S\u00e9ville.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Les deux vendues par Christie\u2019s datent de 1864 et celle de la vente Brompton\u2019s de 2015 a \u00e9t\u00e9 fabriqu\u00e9e en 1856. Les guitares de Torres de la \u201cseconde \u00e9poque\u201d sont donc tr\u00e8s rares sur le march\u00e9 &#8211; un fait d\u2019autant plus int\u00e9ressant que le luthier les consid\u00e9rait comme ses plus r\u00e9ussies&#8230;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Regard technique sur la guitare SE35<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un t\u00e9moignage de sa seconde \u00e9poque \u00e0 Alm\u00e9ria : 1875 &#8211; 1892<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ses meilleures guitares<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>En 1870, Torres retourne \u00e0 Almeria avec sa seconde \u00e9pouse, Josefa Mart\u00edn Rosada, et vit humblement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un commerce de c\u00e9ramiques. Si l\u2019on en croit le catalogue des \u0153uvres publi\u00e9 par J. L. Romanillos, ce n\u2019est que vers 1875 qu\u2019il recommence \u00e0 fabriquer des guitares<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. C\u2019est le d\u00e9but de ce qu\u2019il va lui-m\u00eame appeler sa \u201cseconde \u00e9poque\u201d, qui durera jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa mort en 1892. S\u2019il d\u00e9cide de parler d\u2019une seconde \u00e9poque, c\u2019est pour distinguer ses premiers instruments de ceux qu\u2019il juge r\u00e9ellement satisfaisants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, pp.171-208.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>En effet, \u00e0 partir du milieu des ann\u00e9es 1870, il devient pleinement conscient de la qualit\u00e9 de ses guitares et de son apport \u00e0 la lutherie. C\u2019est aussi pour cela qu\u2019il commence \u00e0 num\u00e9roter ses instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La guitare de la vente du 6 novembre s\u2019inscrit pleinement dans cette seconde \u00e9poque. Elle date de 1882 et porte le num\u00e9ro 35, si bien qu\u2019on la d\u00e9signe par l\u2019abr\u00e9viation \u201cSE35\u201d (SE = seconde \u00e9poque).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une \u00e9tiquette qui t\u00e9moigne de son nouveau regard sur ses instruments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Son \u00e9tiquette, plus sophistiqu\u00e9e et \u00e9toff\u00e9e que celles de la premi\u00e8re p\u00e9riode, confirme la consid\u00e9ration qu\u2019il porte \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent \u00e0 ses guitares. \u00c0 la diff\u00e9rence des premi\u00e8res \u00e9tiquettes, il n\u2019emploie plus le terme \u201cpor\u201d (par) mais seulement \u201cD.\u201d pour \u201cDon\u201d. Les \u00e9tiquettes de Torres indiquent deux adresses situ\u00e9es rue Calle Real \u00e0 &#8220;La Canada de San Urbano&#8221;, aux num\u00e9ros 23 et 80<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Sur celle de la guitare en vente, nous pouvons lire :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cD. Antonio de Torres \/ constructor \/ de guitarras en Sevilla, \/ vive hoy \/ en Almeria, calle real, n\u00b023. \/ Ano de 1882.[manuscrit] \/ Guitarra num. 35 [manuscrit] 2.a \u00e9poca.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.110.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Il est int\u00e9ressant de souligner que nous connaissons un mod\u00e8le tout \u00e0 fait contemporain conserv\u00e9 au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris portant le n\u00b033. Il date aussi de 1882 et porte la m\u00eame \u00e9tiquette. \u00c0 partir de 1885, Torres commence \u00e0 utiliser une \u00e9tiquette similaire inscrite &#8220;SEGUNDA EPOCA&#8221;, imprim\u00e9e en entier et en gros caract\u00e8res, alors que la pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente affichait &#8220;2a epoca&#8221; en petit et dans le coin inf\u00e9rieur droit. Par ce changement, il souligne encore davantage l&#8217;importance de cette s\u00e9rie d&#8217;instruments commenc\u00e9e en 1875.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-11 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" data-id=\"13166\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" data-id=\"13273\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1859\" class=\"wp-image-13273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg 800w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-100x71.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1859<br>Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1659\" data-id=\"13164\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg\" alt=\"Etiquette d'une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-2048x1359.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1568x1041.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-100x66.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Etiquette d&#8217;une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" data-id=\"13151\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg\" alt=\"Etiquette d'une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1889\" class=\"wp-image-13151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg 800w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Etiquette d&#8217;une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1889<br>*Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principes constructifs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le mod\u00e8le large : son favori ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres a renouvel\u00e9 la forme de la guitare traditionnelle en mettant au point trois mod\u00e8les : un petit inspir\u00e9 de la guitare encore en vogue durant la derni\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du XIX<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle ; un moyen obtenu en \u00e9largissant l\u00e9g\u00e8rement le petit mod\u00e8le dans ses trois dimensions principales ; et un large &#8211; \u00e0 l\u2019instar de l\u2019instrument de la vente du 6 novembre 2021 &#8211; qui reprend les proportions du mod\u00e8le moyen tout en l\u2019\u00e9largissant \u00e0 nouveau. En partant du moule de taille moyenne, il a progressivement \u00e9labor\u00e9 cette guitare large, devenue par la suite son mod\u00e8le principal et favori. En ce qui concerne la SE35, ses dimensions sont similaires \u00e0 <em>La Invincible<\/em>, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre instrument r\u00e9alis\u00e9 en 1884 ayant appartenu \u00e0 Federico Cano et pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Exposition Internationale de S\u00e9ville en 1922<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 196.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Le luthier s\u2019est attach\u00e9 \u00e0 perfectionner chaque partie de l\u2019instrument et c\u2019est afin d\u2019obtenir un son id\u00e9al qu\u2019il a \u00e9largi et aminci la table d\u2019harmonie, r\u00e9duite en moyenne \u00e0 1,5 mm d\u2019\u00e9paisseur. Le mod\u00e8le de 1882 de la vente de Vichy Ench\u00e8res du 6 novembre 2021 pr\u00e9sente une table d\u2019une grande finesse, variant entre 1,3 et 1,5 mm. Le fond a une \u00e9paisseur de 2,5 mm et les \u00e9clisses mesurent en moyenne 1.5 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suite \u00e0 l\u2019amincissement et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9largissement de la table d\u2019harmonie, Torres a d\u00fb am\u00e9liorer son \u00e9lasticit\u00e9 afin qu\u2019elle supporte la tension caus\u00e9e par la traction des cordes. Cela a conduit \u00e0 une innovation majeure, dont t\u00e9moigne l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de la SE35&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lainvencibledetorres.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, La Invicible, 1884\" class=\"wp-image-13171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, La Invicible, 1884<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Carles Trepat plays &quot;La Invencible&quot; by Antonio de Torres 1884. &quot;Antonio  Vargas Heredia&quot;\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C94ROOhK-H4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un bel exemple du \u201cbarrage Torres\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>En s\u2019inspirant du savoir-faire espagnol, Torres a mis au point un nouveau syst\u00e8me de barrage permettant de renforcer la table. Dans la partie sup\u00e9rieure, il a repris le barrage transversal traditionnel, compos\u00e9 de deux barres horizontales plac\u00e9es au-dessus et en-dessous de la rosace. Puis, dans la partie inf\u00e9rieure, il a con\u00e7u un barrage dit en \u00e9ventail &#8211; c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire un syst\u00e8me de brins (ou de barrettes) rayonnant sur toute la partie sous la rosace. Ces brins permettent, par leur disposition, de rigidifier ou d\u2019assouplir les zones de vibrations en travaillant sur les basses et les aig\u00fces afin d\u2019\u00e9quilibrer le son. Notons que l\u2019on retrouve ce style de barrage en \u00e9ventail chez d\u2019autres luthiers avant Torres &#8211; comme Louis Panormo dont Vichy Ench\u00e8res vendait plusieurs guitares ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es &#8211; mais qu\u2019il s\u2019agit seulement de structures de renforcement, sans consid\u00e9ration acoustique. Au contraire, avec Torres, le barrage devient un \u00e9l\u00e9ment fonctionnel qui contribue \u00e0 une meilleure vibration de la table d&#8217;harmonie et am\u00e9liore le son de l\u2019instrument. Pour s\u2019adapter \u00e0 la fois aux guitares moyennes et larges, le luthier a con\u00e7u deux syst\u00e8mes de barrage en \u00e9ventail, l\u2019un \u00e0 cinq brins et l&#8217;autre \u00e0 sept &#8211; \u00e0 l\u2019image de celui de la SE35 en vente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-238517b3-3c3e-4043-a109-97c276f0996b\">Ainsi, cet instrument offre un bel exemple de \u201cbarrage Torres\u201d, compos\u00e9 de sept brins en \u00e9ventail reposant sur deux barrettes diagonales situ\u00e9es dans le bas de la caisse et qui se rejoignent au niveau du tasseau, \u00e0 environ 30 mm du fond de la table d\u2019harmonie. Autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments caract\u00e9ristiques, on retrouve \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de la guitare plusieurs traces de crayon servant \u00e0 indiquer le bon emplacement des diff\u00e9rentes pi\u00e8ces :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cOnce he had worked the soundboard to the right thickness, he drew several pencil lines across the soundboard from side to side.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.94.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-4b01ae55-15cf-4e28-9568-60a0f55b230e\">Perfectionniste et m\u00e9ticuleux, Torres accordait un grand soin \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation de ses guitares et le barrage en \u00e9ventail \u00e9tait dispos\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on sym\u00e9trique &#8211; ou le plus harmonieusement possible. Les petites variations que l\u2019on observe entre les divers instruments confirment l\u2019attention particuli\u00e8re de Torres pour chacune de ses guitares, et nous am\u00e8nent \u00e0 penser qu\u2019il n\u2019utilisait pas toujours de moule externe afin d\u2019ajuster au mieux ses principes constructifs \u00e0 ses diff\u00e9rents mod\u00e8les<a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftn2\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" id=\"block-726c2b7f-0060-4eaf-99d2-180ddf222c96\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ad0a99e0-d6f6-467f-988f-59380a890adf\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.94.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-12 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"1354\" data-id=\"13173\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png 1228w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-272x300.png 272w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-929x1024.png 929w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-768x847.png 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-91x100.png 91w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1228px) 100vw, 1228px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13175\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Louis PANORMO, Londres, 1830\" class=\"wp-image-13175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Louis PANORMO Londres, cc 1830<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 10 novembre 2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les bois et le rapport dendrochronologique<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>L&#8217;esprit d&#8217;innovation de Torres s&#8217;est \u00e9galement manifest\u00e9 par ses choix de mat\u00e9riaux. Il avait pleinement conscience de l\u2019impact des bois utilis\u00e9s sur le son de l\u2019instrument. Dans ses recherches, il n\u2019a pas seulement \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la qualit\u00e9 des bois choisis pour la table d&#8217;harmonie &#8211; en \u00e9pic\u00e9a ou parfois en pin, en deux ou trois pi\u00e8ces &#8211; mais il s\u2019est aussi pench\u00e9 sur la diversification des types de bois pour les \u00e9clisses et le fond, dans le but de cr\u00e9er une large gamme tonale. Au cours de sa carri\u00e8re, il a ainsi utilis\u00e9 diff\u00e9rents bois tels que le cypr\u00e8s, le palissandre et l&#8217;\u00e9rable &#8211; les deux derni\u00e8res essences \u00e9tant import\u00e9es et destin\u00e9es aux guitares les plus ch\u00e8res, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e9quip\u00e9es de m\u00e9caniques.<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. La guitare de la vente du 6 novembre est, l\u00e0-encore, caract\u00e9ristique de ce travail : la table est en \u00e9pic\u00e9a, tandis que le fond et les \u00e9clisses sont en \u00e9rable ond\u00e9 et maill\u00e9. Le manche est en cedro, la touche en \u00e9b\u00e8ne et le chevalet en palissandre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Giovanni Accornero, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.31.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La table est en trois parties compos\u00e9es de deux sections principales et d\u2019une plus petite au centre. Le rapport de dendrochronologie date, au plus tard, les bois de 1799 (partie centrale), 1840 (c\u00f4t\u00e9 des aigu\u00ebs) et 1845 (c\u00f4t\u00e9 des graves), et indique qu\u2019ils proviendraient certainement d\u2019arbres diff\u00e9rents. En outre, il met en \u00e9vidence beaucoup de correspondances avec d\u2019autres instruments de Torres. Le bois du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des aigu\u00ebs est le m\u00eame que celui utilis\u00e9 pour une guitare de 1864 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.christies.com\/en\/lot\/lot-4970595\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">exemple d\u2019une guitare de 1864<\/a>) et on retrouve des correspondances entre le bois du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des graves et certaines guitares de Torres dont, \u00e0 nouveau, <em>La Invincible<\/em> de 1884.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments d\u00e9coratifs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le raffinement de la rosace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Les ornements de cette guitare sont \u00e9galement tr\u00e8s caract\u00e9ristiques du travail de Torres. La rosace est particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9l\u00e9gante et raffin\u00e9e. Le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre luthier les composait \u00e0 la main, en incrustant les pi\u00e8ces de marqueterie une par une, si bien qu\u2019aucune n\u2019est identique<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Leurs variations sont subtiles et n&#8217;alt\u00e8rent pas l&#8217;effet g\u00e9n\u00e9ral propre au style de Torres :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cOn reconna\u00eet au premier coup d\u2019\u0153il cette magnifique rosace constitu\u00e9e de filets concentriques, de marqueterie de bois de bout et surtout, d\u2019un filet central en chevron ou \u00e9pi de bl\u00e9, qu\u2019affectionnait particuli\u00e8rement Torres.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, expert en insturments \u00e0 cordes pinc\u00e9es, interview pour Vichy Ench\u00e8res, le 13 septembre 2021 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.110.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>En effet, les rosaces sont une indication de l\u2019affection toute particuli\u00e8re du ma\u00eetre pour le motif de chevron\/damier et de l\u2019\u00e9pi de bl\u00e9, que l\u2019on observe r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement sur ses instruments. Le plus souvent, il emploie seulement l\u2019un de ces motifs pour la rosace, qu\u2019il entoure de filets concentriques, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de cette rosace \u00e0 d\u00e9cor de damiers (voir ci-dessous : guitare de 1883, mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris), ou de la SE58 \u00e0 motif d\u2019\u00e9pis de bl\u00e9 (voir ci-dessous). Toutefois, certains mod\u00e8les sont orn\u00e9s de rosaces plus raffin\u00e9es sur lesquelles sont associ\u00e9s l\u2019\u00e9pi de bl\u00e9 et le damier &#8211; comme c\u2019est le cas de la guitare de la vente le 6 novembre 2021. Son \u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9coratif central est le damier, flanqu\u00e9 de nombreux filets concentriques en \u00e9b\u00e8ne aux couleurs vari\u00e9es, allant du vert au brun, et de deux bandes \u00e0 fond vert sur lesquelles s\u2019inscrivent les motifs en \u00e9pis de bl\u00e9 d\u2019une couleur jaune caract\u00e9ristique (les bandes vertes sont fr\u00e9quemment garnies d\u2019\u00e9pis de bl\u00e9 jaunes<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.137.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-13 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1709\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13180\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1883\" class=\"wp-image-13180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg 1709w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-684x1024.jpg 684w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-768x1150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1025x1536.jpg 1025w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1367x2048.jpg 1367w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1568x2349.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1709px) 100vw, 1709px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1883<br>Conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1212\" height=\"1122\" data-id=\"13182\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, SE58\" class=\"wp-image-13182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg 1212w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-300x278.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-1024x948.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-768x711.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-100x93.jpeg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1212px) 100vw, 1212px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, SE58 <br>Illustr\u00e9e dans le livre de Giovanni Accornero &#8220;Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna, Edizioni Museo del Violino&#8221;, 2018, p.84 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13138\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les filets<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, Torres ornait le dos et les bords de ses guitares par des filets qui se limitent, pour les plus simples, \u00e0 une alternance de bandes sombres et claires. Sur le dos, ces filets sont plac\u00e9s au niveau des jonctions entre les diff\u00e9rents morceaux de bois<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p138<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Le dos de la SE35 pr\u00e9sente bien deux filets d\u2019\u00e9b\u00e8ne de couleur brune entre les diff\u00e9rents bois, et sur les bordures, une bande compos\u00e9e de plusieurs filets de diverses couleurs, dont un vert en son centre &#8211; qui la distingue d\u2019autres instruments moins raffin\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-14 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"919\" data-id=\"13287\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet-75x100.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13130\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"919\" data-id=\"13285\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet-75x100.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le chevalet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Le chevalet, \u00e0 la beaut\u00e9 sobre et \u00e9l\u00e9gante, est typique de la production de Torres. Il est d\u00e9cor\u00e9 de deux pastilles de nacre dispos\u00e9es sur les ailettes, ainsi que d\u2019un rectangle \u00e9galement en nacre, plac\u00e9 sur le bloc de cordes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>On conna\u00eet un grand nombre de chevalets de ce type dans la production de Torres, et ce d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de sa carri\u00e8re, <a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309198\/?resultsetnav=613a08520ee39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">comme en atteste l\u2019instrument de 1859 du Museu de la Musica de Barcelone<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-15 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-id=\"13142\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le talon<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Enfin, le talon de forme ronde est int\u00e9ressant, puisqu\u2019on le retrouve rarement au cours de la premi\u00e8re \u00e9poque. Les mod\u00e8les ant\u00e9rieurs pr\u00e9sentent surtout un talon \u201carqu\u00e9\u201d, et les ronds semblent davantage appara\u00eetre \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1875-1880 &#8211; bien que Torres continue d\u2019utiliser la forme pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 titre d\u2019exemple, <a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309199\/?resultsetnav=613a08520ee39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">le mod\u00e8le de 1862 du Museu de la Musica (Barcelone)<\/a> a un talon arqu\u00e9 alors que la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mimo-international.com\/media\/CM\/IMAGE\/CMIM000033244.jpg?_ga=2.98818590.1495612423.1630933538-1933267582.1624866448\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">guitare de 1885, conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/a>, pr\u00e9sente un talon rond semblable \u00e0 celui de la SE35.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default wp-block-gallery-16 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1360\" height=\"651\" data-id=\"13294\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-300x144.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-1024x490.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-768x368.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-100x48.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La restauration de Manuel Ram\u00edrez<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019\u00e9tiquette<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019instrument, sous l\u2019\u00e9tiquette de Torres, s\u2019en trouve une autre inscrite : \u201cManuel Ramirez \/ Constructor de violines y guitarras \/ Ano 1904 [manuscrit] Arlaban, 10, Madrid\u201d. Manuel Ram\u00edrez (1864-1916) est issu d\u2019une famille de luthiers tr\u00e8s renomm\u00e9e depuis la cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019atelier par Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00edrez I (1858-1923).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cLa dynastie Ram\u00edrez va conna\u00eetre un beau succ\u00e8s durant plus de cent ans et l\u2019atelier sera l\u2019arr\u00eat incontournable des guitaristes de passage \u00e0 Madrid.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>Fran\u00e7oise et Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.162. <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Manuel Ramirez est connu \u00e0 deux adresses \u00e0 Madrid : au n\u00b09 de la calle Arlaban puis au n\u00b010 &#8211; comme l\u2019indique l\u2019\u00e9tiquette accol\u00e9e sur la Torres en vente. Celle-ci nous renseigne \u00e9galement sur la personnalit\u00e9 de ce luthier ambitieux qui se revendique \u00e0 la fois fabricant de guitares et de violons. Des ambitions qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 couronn\u00e9es de succ\u00e8s tout au long de sa carri\u00e8re, puisqu\u2019il gagne en 1893 une m\u00e9daille \u00e0 l\u2019exposition de Chicago et qu\u2019il est pr\u00e9sent en 1900 \u00e0 l\u2019Exposition universelle de Paris<a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Il est \u00e9galement nomm\u00e9 luthier du Conservatoire Royal de Madrid et reprend l\u2019\u00e9cole de luthiers ouverte par son fr\u00e8re Jos\u00e9, au sein de laquelle il forme plusieurs grands repr\u00e9sentants de la lutherie espagnole, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de Domingo Esteso, Modesto Borreguero ou Santos Hern\u00e1ndez. Ce dernier r\u00e9alisa avec lui<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/503283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> la mythique guitare qui lan\u00e7a la carri\u00e8re du virtuose Andr\u00e9s Segovia (1893-1987) &#8211; aujourd\u2019hui conserv\u00e9e au Metropolitan Museum de New York. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" id=\"block-2b98529d-873f-4a79-9f9a-98cc170ea93c\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" id=\"block-ed07b688-3294-4528-b4ec-5aa52b5f1d0d\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.167.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-17 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"489\" height=\"640\" data-id=\"13201\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Manuel Ram\u00edrez\" class=\"wp-image-13201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel.jpg 489w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel-76x100.jpg 76w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Manuel Ram\u00edrez<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-18 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"314\" height=\"478\" data-id=\"13207\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare de Manuel Ramirez\" class=\"wp-image-13207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg 314w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel-197x300.jpeg 197w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel-66x100.jpeg 66w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Manuel Ramirez<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 10 juin 2006<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"187\" height=\"479\" data-id=\"13209\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare classique de Jose\u0301 RAMIREZ III, 1968\" class=\"wp-image-13209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg 187w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya-117x300.jpeg 117w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya-39x100.jpeg 39w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare classique de Jose\u0301 RAMIREZ III, 1968<br>Collection Lagoya<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 15 d\u00e9cembre 2012<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13323\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Manuel RAMIREZ, vers 1900\" class=\"wp-image-13323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Manuel RAMIREZ, vers 1900 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/gISCNQDyhOk\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La t\u00eate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Manuel Ram\u00edrez est l&#8217;un des premiers luthiers \u00e0 saisir l&#8217;importance d&#8217;Antonio de Torres et \u00e0 poursuivre son \u0153uvre. Il fait figure, avec les luthiers de son atelier, de successeur direct de Torres et de fondateur de l\u2019\u00e9cole de lutherie de Madrid. D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du XX<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, il r\u00e9alise des copies du ma\u00eetre, ce qui t\u00e9moigne de son admiration pour celui-ci et \u00e9galement du succ\u00e8s que Torres rencontre peu de temps apr\u00e8s sa mort.<a href=\"https:\/\/mimo-international.com\/MIMO\/search.aspx?SC=DEFAULT&amp;QUERY=antonio+de+torres+#\/Detail\/(query:(Id:'3_OFFSET_0',Index:4,NBResults:4,PageRange:3,SearchQuery:(CloudTerms:!(),ForceSearch:!t,Page:0,PageRange:3,QueryString:'manuel%20ramirez',ResultSize:15,ScenarioCode:DEFAULT,ScenarioDisplayMode:display-mosaic,SearchLabel:'',SearchTerms:'manuel%20ramirez',SortField:Author_sort,SortOrder:0,TemplateParams:(Scenario:'',Scope:'',Size:!n,Source:'',Support:''))))\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Une de ses copies est conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/a> et porte la fausse \u00e9tiquette \u201cAntonio de Torr\u00e8s \/ Calle de Cerrageria 32 \/ Ano de 1868 [manuscrit]\u201d. Manuel Ram\u00edrez a \u00e9galement restaur\u00e9 des Torres dans son atelier, dont la SE35 de la vente du 6 novembre 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cLa t\u00eate avec son motif trilob\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 refaite, probablement lors de la restauration de la guitare en 1904 par Manuel Ram\u00edrez. Ce dernier aurait \u00e9galement install\u00e9 les m\u00e9caniques, car celles-ci sont identiques \u00e0 celles qu\u2019il pouvait utiliser sur ses propres instruments.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, expert en instruments \u00e0 cordes pinc\u00e9es<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>La t\u00eate, d\u2019une grande finesse, est plaqu\u00e9e en palissandre de Rio. Le joint n\u2019est pas visible car le luthier a coup\u00e9 dans l\u2019enture d\u2019origine. Ram\u00edrez est certainement aussi \u00e0 l\u2019origine des restaurations op\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de la caisse, consistant principalement en l\u2019ajout de taquets (pour plus de pr\u00e9cisions, se r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la description de l\u2019expert). Enfin, bien que Ram\u00edrez ait chang\u00e9 la t\u00eate, c\u2019est l\u2019\u00e2me de Torres qui transpara\u00eet \u00e0 travers cette guitare. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-19 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13148\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Provenance princi\u00e8re<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-20 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1070\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"13188\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg\" alt=\"Photo \u201cRusses blancs&quot; issue du documentaire d'Yves Riou\" class=\"wp-image-13188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg 1070w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-100x56.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1070px) 100vw, 1070px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo \u201cRusses blancs&#8221; issue du documentaire d&#8217;Yves Riou<br>\u00a9 Andre\u00ef Korliakov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-21 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"369\" height=\"530\" data-id=\"25452\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg\" alt=\"Toporkov Sergey Alexandrovich\" class=\"wp-image-25452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg 369w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich-70x100.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Toporkov Sergey Alexandrovich<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"25450\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg\" alt=\"Georgi Aleksandrovich Toporkov\" class=\"wp-image-25450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg 556w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov-278x300.jpg 278w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov-93x100.jpg 93w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Georgi Aleksandrovich Toporkov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"487\" data-id=\"25454\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg\" alt=\"Fr\u00e8res Toporkov\" class=\"wp-image-25454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov-100x70.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fr\u00e8res Toporkov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La provenance de cette guitare est digne d\u2019un roman. En effet, l\u2019instrument a \u00e9t\u00e9 conserv\u00e9 pendant pr\u00e8s de trente ans dans un monast\u00e8re b\u00e9n\u00e9dictin, suite au legs de son ancienne propri\u00e9taire, la princesse Toporkoff\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La princesse, de son nom de jeune-fille&nbsp;Louise-Anne Jeannie Marie-Josephe Morault&nbsp;&nbsp;(Rostrenen, 1906 \u2013 Brest, 1995), avait \u00e9pous\u00e9 le prince Youri Alexandrovitch Toporkoff (Ekaterinoder, 1895 \u2013 Land\u00e9vennec, 1970) le 9 janvier 1951 \u00e0 Paris.&nbsp;Celui-ci avait \u00e9t\u00e9 naturalis\u00e9 fran\u00e7ais en 1929 et avait alors pris le nom Georges Toporkoff (ou Toporkof, Toporkov). Il s\u2019appelait en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 Youri Alexandrovitch Toporkoff et \u00e9tait n\u00e9 en Russie, \u00e0 Ekaterinoder, le 22 septembre 1895. Orthodoxe et issu de la noblesse h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire, il \u00e9tait originaire de la r\u00e9gion du Kouban. De noble extraction, il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l&#8217;\u00e9cole d&#8217;ing\u00e9nieurs de Nikolaev (<em>\u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435<\/em>) en 1916. Cette \u00e9cole formait les officiers de l\u2019arm\u00e9e imp\u00e9riale du Tsar. Au sein du r\u00e9giment du g\u00e9nie, il avait particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale et avait rejoint l\u2019arm\u00e9e blanche pour lutter contre les Sovi\u00e9tiques lors de la guerre civile russe. Fid\u00e8le au Tsar, il dut s\u2019exiler \u00e0 Paris. Il devint membre, en 1958, de l\u2019\u00ab Union des d\u00e9vots de la m\u00e9moire de l&#8217;empereur Nicolas II \u00bb (<em>\u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f II<\/em>). Cette organisation regroupait des anciens officiers de l\u2019arm\u00e9e imp\u00e9riale russe, dont des personnalit\u00e9s gouvernementales et militaires \u00e9minentes qui occupaient jadis une place majeure dans la Russie imp\u00e9riale, telles que l&#8217;ancien chambellan de la cour imp\u00e9riale Konstantin Petrovich Grevs, le prince Viktor Sergeevich Kochubey, ou le comte Georgy Alexandrovitch Bobrinsky, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Georges Toporkoff \u00e9tait un homme aux multiples facettes et fortement impliqu\u00e9 dans diverses associations et publications. Il \u00e9tait membre de l&#8217;Association des gardes en France et, de 1946 \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1960, il si\u00e9geait au conseil d&#8217;administration du Cercle (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9) des amateurs d&#8217;antiquit\u00e9s militaires russes. Il fut nomm\u00e9 membre honoraire de cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en 1963 et contribua r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e0 la collection &#8220;Antiquit\u00e9s militaires russes&#8221; publi\u00e9e par cette derni\u00e8re. De 1958 \u00e0 1970, il occupa le poste de r\u00e9dacteur en chef du &#8220;Military History Bulletin&#8221; et, en 1967, il travailla pour le magazine &#8220;Military Byl&#8221;. En outre, Georges Toporkoff \u00e9tait un \u00e9rudit passionn\u00e9 de po\u00e9sie. Il \u00e9tudia les \u0153uvres de N.S. Gumilev, A.A. Akhmatova et A.N. Karamzin, et r\u00e9alisa une \u00e9tude sur Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte. Ses correspondances avec G.P. Struve sur ces sujets t\u00e9moignent de sa profonde connaissance et de son int\u00e9r\u00eat pour la litt\u00e9rature et l&#8217;histoire. Toporkoff laissa derri\u00e8re lui de nombreuses publications et commentaires sur des faits historiques, enrichissant ainsi la compr\u00e9hension de l\u2019histoire et de la culture russe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-22 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"905\" data-id=\"13192\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg\" alt=\"La famille Romanov\" class=\"wp-image-13192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-300x265.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-768x679.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-100x88.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La famille Romanov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"593\" data-id=\"13194\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg\" alt=\"Peinture &quot;Moines dans le clo\u00eetre de S. Maria&quot;\" class=\"wp-image-13194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg 758w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria-100x78.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peinture &#8220;Moines dans le clo\u00eetre de S. Maria&#8221;<br>Abeele Jodoens Sebastien van den (1797-1855)<br>Beauvais, MUDO, mus\u00e9e de l&#8217;Oise<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est \u00e0 Paris qu\u2019il rencontra Madame Louise-Anne&nbsp;Morault, qui semble avoir appartenu \u00e0 un club fran\u00e7ais de guitaristes. Ainsi, c\u2019est certainement pour le bon usage de son \u00e9pouse que le prince de Toporkoff acheta cette superbe guitare de Torres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La princesse, tr\u00e8s pieuse, l\u00e9gua \u00e0 sa mort tous ses biens, meubles et immeubles, \u00e0 une communaut\u00e9 b\u00e9n\u00e9dictine, dont sa pr\u00e9cieuse guitare qui y demeura pendant des d\u00e9cennies\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova : regard d&#8217;expert<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> SE35 de 1882 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Neuf instruments ont \u00e9t\u00e9 produit cette ann\u00e9e l\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not\u00e9 sur l\u2019\u00e9tiquette coll\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du fond :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>D.Antonio de Torres Constructor<br>De Guitarras en Sevilla Vive Hoy<br>En Almeria, Calle Real, N\u00b023 Ano De 1882<br>Guitarra num. 35. 2.a \u00e9poca.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>On trouve \u00e9galement une autre \u00e9tiquette coll\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du fond sur laquelle est inscrit : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Restauraro<br>Manuel Ramirez<br>Constructor de violines y guitarras Ano 1904 Arlaban, 10, Madrid<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce mod\u00e8le correspond au plus grand par la taille de son coffre aux diff\u00e9rentes formes qu\u2019on lui conna\u00eet :<br>&#8211; Epaules : 272mm<br>&#8211; Taille : 232 mm <br>&#8211; Hanches : 361 mm <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce sont les m\u00eames dimensions entre autre que \u2018La Invincible\u2019.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-23 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13136\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments qui caract\u00e9risent son style<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>On reconna\u00eet au premier coup d\u2019\u0153il cette magnifique rosace constitu\u00e9e de filets concentriques, de marqueterie de bois de bout et surtout de ce filet central en chevron ou \u00e9pi de bl\u00e9 qu\u2019affectionnait particuli\u00e8rement Torres.<br>Le barrage en \u00e9ventail \u00e0 sept brins plus deux barres qui le ferme en son extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 vient renforcer une table d\u2019harmonie d\u2019une grande finesse allant de 1.3 \u00e0 1.5 mm, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la dendrochronologie la table serait en trois partie.<br>Le fond et les \u00e9clisses sont faites en \u00e9rable ond\u00e9 et maill\u00e9.<br>Le fond est fait en trois parties altern\u00e9es de filets d\u2019\u00e9b\u00e8ne, son \u00e9paisseur est de 2,5mm.<br>Les \u00e9clisses ont une \u00e9paisseur moyenne de 1.5 mm.<br>Le manche est en c\u00e9dro et la t\u00eate est plaqu\u00e9e en palissandre de Rio.<br>La touche est en \u00e9b\u00e8ne avec XIX frettes. <br>Le chevalet est en palissandre, d\u00e9cor\u00e9 de deux pastilles de nacre, dispos\u00e9s sur les ailettes et d\u2019un rectangle lui aussi en nacre sur le bloc de cordes.<br>Le diapason est de 650mm.<br>L\u2019espacement au sillet de t\u00eate 50mm.<br>Pour un poids total de l\u2019instrument de 1182g.<br>La t\u00eate avec son motif trilob\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 refaite, probablement lors de la restauration de la guitare en 1904 par Manuel Ramirez qui aurait \u00e9galement install\u00e9 les m\u00e9caniques, car elles sont identiques \u00e0 celles qu\u2019il pouvait utiliser sur ses propres instruments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La table d\u2019harmonie a de nombreuses fines fissures qui apparaissent en surface, mais seulement deux semblent ouvertes. On remarque une restauration sur les filets au niveau du grand lobe c\u00f4t\u00e9 des basses et diff\u00e9rentes usures li\u00e9s au jeu.<br>On peut voir \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur la trace d\u2019anciennes r\u00e9parations, des taquets de renforts ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pos\u00e9s ainsi que des toiles (voir dessin explicatif). Les deux barres fermant l\u2019\u00e9ventail semblent avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 refaites car le bois semble plus clair. C\u2019est probablement \u00e0 ce moment que les contres \u00e9clisses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 renforc\u00e9es, doubl\u00e9es par endroit par de nombreux taquets. Un placage d\u2019\u00e9pic\u00e9a a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9galement coll\u00e9 sous la rosace pour la renforcer.<br>Les \u00e9clisses sont en bon \u00e9tat, il apparait quelques traces de vers sur l\u2019\u00e9clisse inf\u00e9rieure. On peut remarquer \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur coll\u00e9 sur les \u00e9clisses des taquets de renfort et des toiles couvrant d\u2019anciennes cassures (voir dessin explicatif).<br>On peut remarquer de nombreuses fentes sur l\u2018\u00e9b\u00e8ne de la touche.<br>On peut voir d\u2019anciennes traces de colle autour du chevalet.<br>Le fond est en bel \u00e9tat.<br>Le vernis est us\u00e9 par endroit et marqu\u00e9 par le jeu, il pr\u00e9sente une tr\u00e8s belle patine.<br>Etui ancien en bois \u00e0 la forme de la guitare.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Estimation : 100 000 \/ 150 000 \u20ac<\/strong><br><em><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/membres-de-l-equipe\/jerome-casanova\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Expert : J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-24 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13128\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13130\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13138\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13136\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13140\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" data-id=\"13142\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13144\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13146\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13148\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--25\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.interencheres.com\/meubles-objets-art\/vente-dinstruments-a-vent-et-a-cordes-pincees-297014\/lot-29210899.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Voir la guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres sur Interencheres<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cet instrument est vendu en collaboration avec la maison de ventes THIERRY &#8211;&nbsp;LANNON&nbsp;&amp; ASSOCI\u00c9S<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"english\">A NEWLY DISCOVERED GUITAR BY ANTONIO DE TORRES: THE SE35<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>We invite you to come and join us on Saturday 6 November 2021 at Vichy Ench\u00e8res to discover a rarity on the market: a newly discovered example by Antonio de Torres, the Stradivarius of the guitar! The instrument, which lain dormant for decades in a monastery, once belonged to the Prince and Princess Toporkoff. The finesse and refinement of this 1882 guitar (called SE35) attests to the undeniable quality of the master&#8217;s instruments, as well as to his universal fame.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--26\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-resultats.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Results<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--27\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-catalogue.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Catalog<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--28\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Contact<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--29\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/vichy-encheres-3\/team\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Experts<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--30\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"#francais\">Version fran\u00e7aise<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.podcastics.com\/player\/extended\/3776\/113436\/\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border-radius: 10px;\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Torres revolution<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">His beginnings in Vera and Granada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A difficult life<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Antonio de Torres was born on 13 June 1817 in La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, near Almeria in Andalusia. His father was a tax collector and he lived with his parents in Vera until 1834. At the age of 12, as was customary at the time, he began an apprenticeship with carpenter and luthier Jos\u00e9 Pernas in Granada. When the First Carlist War broke out in 1833, he was 16 years old and was drafted in the Lorca regiment, before being discharged for medical reasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to prevent him from being drafted again, his parents arranged his marriage to Juana Lopez, the daughter of a tradesman aged 13 at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Indeed, only single men and widowers without children were called to fight. He can be found in the registers of carpenters&#8217; guilds in the town of Vera from 1835 to 1837<a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. However, he went bankrupt in 1839 as a result of multiple debts. He had three daughters with Juana Lopez, who were born in 1836, 1839 and 1842, but the last two died at an early age. In 1845, his wife also died early from tuberculosis \u2013 she was only 23 years old.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"> <a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise and Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>La Guitare Espagnole 1750-1950<\/em>, Camino Verde, p.116. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1853\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait d'Antonio de Torres\" class=\"wp-image-13317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-scaled.jpg 1853w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-741x1024.jpg 741w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-768x1061.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1112x1536.jpg 1112w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1482x2048.jpg 1482w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-1568x2167.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-torres-antonio-de-72x100.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1853px) 100vw, 1853px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait of Antonio de Torres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The influence of Jos\u00e9 Pernas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>We do not know the exact circumstances surrounding the manufacture of his first guitar, which according to Martinez Sirvent<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, dates back to the birth of one of his children &#8211; between 1836 and 1842. Some researchers, such as Emilio Pujol, believe that he worked again with Jos\u00e9 Pernas in 1845, in his workshop located at 8 calle Plazuela in Granada<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>, but there is no extant archive evidence of this<a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>Antonio de Torres, Guitar Maker &#8211; His Life and Word<\/em>, Element Books Ltd, p.15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise and Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op.cit<\/em>, p.116.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>However, there is a guitar signed Torres<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, made in 1852, which has undeniable stylistic and technical similarities with certain instruments by Jos\u00e9 Pernas, such as this example from 1836 (Castor-Hara sale, 2016). These two instruments share unusual characteristics, in particular a head with a \u201csculpted butt called a roete\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> and a large half-moon bridge with pegs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1845, after a difficult and tragic start in life, Torres left for Seville, leaving his daughter to his parents-in-law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.90.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-31 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1709\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13088\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de TORRES, Almeria (Espagne), 1852\" class=\"wp-image-13088\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-scaled.jpg 1709w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-684x1024.jpg 684w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-768x1150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1026x1536.jpg 1026w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1367x2048.jpg 1367w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-1568x2348.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1852-musee-musique-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1709px) 100vw, 1709px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de TORRES, Almeria (Espagne), 1852<br>Etiquette : &#8220;La Hizo \/ Antonio de Torres Jurado \/ Almeria Ano de 1852&#8221;<br>Conserv\u00e9 au Mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<br>\u00a9 Alberto Martinez<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"958\" height=\"1440\" data-id=\"13090\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Jos\u00e9 Pernas, 1836 - Vente Castor-Hara, 2016\" class=\"wp-image-13090\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras.jpg 958w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-768x1154.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2016-04-09-guitare-jose-pernas-1836-castor-haras-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Jos\u00e9 Pernas, 1836<br> Vente Castor-Hara, 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The cultural shock in seville: the first period 1845-70<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The school of Seville<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>In Seville, his taste for guitar making asserted itself. Seville was one of the most important and economically prosperous cities in Spain. In 1844, the Duke of Montpensier settled in the San Telmo Palace, and contributed to the cultural development of the city by funding the arts. Seville therefore offered many opportunities to artists and craftsmen, and many luthiers &#8211; including several guitar makers &#8211; opened their workshops there. As a result of this, a stylistic school emerged, with its own unique characteristics. Torres settled in the district where luthiers traditionally lived and worked, and had Jos\u00e9 Serrano, Manuel Soto and Diego Salazar as neighbours<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>According to Domingo Prat, he even shared a workshop with Manuel Guti\u00e9rrez<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>, a famous luthier; Vichy Ench\u00e8res sold one of his instruments on 7 November 2020. Guti\u00e9rrez subsequently sold his \u201cworkshop to Manuel Soto y Solares who, at that time, might have employed Torres for a while\u2026 It is quite possible that some of the guitars that came out of this workshop are the unsigned work of a still unknown Torres.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Fran\u00e7oise and Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.138.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-32 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"9395\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ\" class=\"wp-image-9395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-manuel-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 7 novembre 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13093\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ\" class=\"wp-image-13093\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2020-11-07-vcp-60-guitare-espagnole-gutierrez-2-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare espagnole de Manuel GUTIERREZ<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 7 novembre 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The first authenticated guitars and the creation of <em>the leona<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Although Torres probably made his first guitar in Granada or Vera, the oldest authenticated guitars attributed to him belong stylistically to the Seville school. Indeed, the first one dates from 1854, and unlike Pernas &#8211; who used a body shape close to that of romantic guitars, a bridge without a removable saddle and a head with a volute &#8211; Torres was already designing guitars with a wider back and a seven-bar bracing system known as fan-shaped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the smoothness and pattern of this authentic guitar have more in common with instruments by Jos\u00e9 Recio, Juan Moreno or even Francisco Sanguino &#8211; the latter in particular producing examples of the highest craftsmanship well ahead of his contemporaries and possessing a great awareness of the acoustic properties of the various materials. In any case, it was in Seville, in 1856, that Torres made the first so-called modern guitar: the<em> Leona<\/em>&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-33 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"207\" height=\"564\" data-id=\"13096\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg\" alt=\"Antonio de Torres, 1854, Casa Ramirez, Madrid\" class=\"wp-image-13096\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007.jpeg 207w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007-110x300.jpeg 110w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1854-torres-y-la-guitarra-andaluza-2007-37x100.jpeg 37w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Antonio de Torres, 1854, Casa Ramirez, Madrid \/ photo tir\u00e9e du livre Antonio de Torres y la Guitarra Andaluza, C\u00f3rdoba, 2007<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"686\" height=\"1535\" data-id=\"13098\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de TORRES - La Leona\" class=\"wp-image-13098\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona.jpg 686w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-134x300.jpg 134w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-458x1024.jpg 458w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-leona-45x100.jpg 45w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de TORRES &#8211; La Leona, 1856<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The famous Antonio de Torres &#039;La Leona&#039; played by Wulfin Lieske at Siccas Guitars\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/n_Hp9g2HVF0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The impact of Torres on the careers of musicians<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Juli\u00e1n Arcas and the change in the repertoire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>It is on the advice of his friend and musician Juli\u00e1n Arcas (1832-1882) that Torres made the famous <em>Leona<\/em>. This guitar had a real impact on Arcas\u2019s career, as it allowed him to gain in expressiveness and develop his repertoire. The musician then became famous for his original compositions, which for the first time incorporated elements of popular music and transcribed works originally composed for other instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> While other luthiers at the time retained the old guitar form and introduced only a few new elements, Torres reinvented its form and proportions. More than a new model, Torres\u2019s invention offered an unprecedented quality of playing that resulted into a radical change in the design and the use of the guitar. This in turn led to a fundamental change in the practice of the instrument, which was given the means to emancipate itself from the orchestra. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-34 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"488\" height=\"694\" data-id=\"13105\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Juli\u00e1n Arcas - Collection Fernando Alonso\" class=\"wp-image-13105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso.jpg 488w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-arcas-julian-collection-fernando-alonso-70x100.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Juli\u00e1n Arcas &#8211; Collection Fernando Alonso <br>Photo tir\u00e9e du livre de Giovanni Accornero &#8220;Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna&#8221;, Edizioni Museo del Violino, 2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Fantas\u00eda sobre motivos de la Traviata (Julian Arcas)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Rx8EhkRTLXQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The success of Francisco T\u00e1rrega<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres also contributed to the success of the most famous Spanish guitarist of the 19th century: Francisco T\u00e1rrega (1852 &#8211; 1909). He met him in 1869 when he was still unknown, but the talent of the guitarist led Torres to gift him a guitar he made in 1864: the FE17. The instrument featured unprecedented sound potential that would greatly contribute to T\u00e1rrega&#8217;s success. He played it for 20 years and it was not until 1888 that he traded it for another guitar by Torres, which is identical to example SE113<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">see photos of the exhibition <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em><\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Giovanni Accornero, <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em>, Edizioni Museo del Violino, 2018, p.19.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The guitarist could therefore draw inspiration from the romantic piano repertoire, from Chopin to Schumann, which contributed to the development of a new style of composition and the promotion of the guitar as an independent instrument. Miguel Llobet, a pupil of T\u00e1rrega living in Barcelona, \u200b\u200bperpetuated this style by playing on several guitars by Torres, including the FE09 from 1859, which he greatly appreciated and would become the model used by one of the most important manufacturers of the 20th century: Hermann Hauser. Torres therefore came into contact with the greatest guitarists of the time and, while living in Barcelona between 1884 and 1885, stayed in the home of musicians Antonio (1811-1897) and Federico Cano (1838-1904), where he made several guitars, such as the SE77 in 1884<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.galeriedesluthiers.fr\/2017\/10\/09\/visite-de-l-exposition-torres-au-mus%C3%A9e-du-violon-%C3%A0-cr%C3%A9mone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">see photos of the exhibition <em>Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna<\/em>)<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"990\" height=\"557\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Francisco Tarrega\" class=\"wp-image-13259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited.jpg 990w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-tarrega-francisco-edited-100x56.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Francisco Tarrega jouant sur la SE114 de Torres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"T\u00e1rrega on Torres FE-17 (Gutmeier)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5L__3O6jNFM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Torres and the invention of the modern guitar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Antonio de Torres is world famous and considered the Stradivarius of the guitar for giving the instrument a new form and revolutionary sound qualities, which were imitated after him and remain the universal standard. In doing so he invented the modern guitar, just as Stradivarius laid the foundations of the modern violin before him. While inheriting the traditional knowledge of Spanish luthiers, he pursued his own personal ideas for the guitar by increasing its dimensions and changing its structure and construction methods, thus giving it a singular, more powerful and deeper sound, as well as developing its ability for musical expressiveness. The resulting increased potential of the guitar changed the way the instrument was considered, as it was now capable of being more expressive:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cSometimes the instrument was sonorous almost to resonance; then it had the deep constraint of a contra-basso; again it would emit notes of harmony pellucid in their clearness\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>Brighton Guardian, 29 October, 1862, cit\u00e9 dans <em>op. cit.<\/em>, Element Books Ltd, p.163.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The perfection of his guitars was such that his models spread very quickly throughout the world. To achieve this, the luthier carried out a great deal of research on the materials and their impact on sound. He was particularly interested in the bracing and the role of the soundboard, which he believed determined the sound of the instrument. To demonstrate his theory,<a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309199\/?resultsetnav=613777d7efcc6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> in 1862 he made a guitar with a papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9 body<\/a>, thus confirming the essential role of the front of the instrument. This guitar is now kept at the Museu de la Musica in Barcelona. His guitars were crowned with success, including a bronze medal at the Seville Exhibition for his <em>La Cumbre<\/em> guitar, made in 1858.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-35 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"462\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"13262\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg\" alt=\"guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1862\" class=\"wp-image-13262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2.jpg 462w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2-173x300.jpg 173w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1862-museu-musica-barcelone-2-58x100.jpg 58w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1862<br>Caisse en papier m\u00e2ch\u00e9 Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"875\" data-id=\"13119\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare La Cumbre d'Antonio de Torres, 1858.\" class=\"wp-image-13119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre.jpg 331w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre-113x300.jpg 113w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-antonio-de-1858-la-cumbre-38x100.jpg 38w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare <em>La Cumbre<\/em> d\u2019Antonio de Torres, 1858. M\u00e9daille de bronze \u00e0 l\u2019exposition de S\u00e9ville<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rarities on the market<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Genuine Torres guitars are particularly rare on the market. Four examples are known to us, two of which were sold by Christie&#8217;s in 2007 and 2009, and two others by Brompton&#8217;s in 2014 and 2015. With the exception of the guitar sold at Brompton&#8217;s on 27 October 2014 &#8211; made in Almeria in 1888 &#8211; all were designed during the \u201cfirst period\u201d in Seville.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The two sold by Christie&#8217;s date from 1864, and the one from the 2015 Brompton&#8217;s sale was made in 1856. Torres guitars from the \u201csecond period\u201d are therefore very rare on the market \u2013 as well as being the ones the luthier considered his most successful&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A technical look at the SE35 guitar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A testimony of his second period in Almeria: 1875-1892<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">His best guitars<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>In 1870, Torres returned to Almeria with his second wife, Josefa Mart\u00edn Rosada, and led a modest life selling ceramics. If we are to believe the catalogue of works published by J. L. Romanillos, it was not until around 1875 that he began making guitars again<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is the beginning of what he himself labelled his \u201csecond period\u201d, and which lasted until his death in 1892. The reason he spoke of a second period is to distinguish his latter instruments, which he found truly satisfactory, from his earlier ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, pp.171-208.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>In fact, from the mid-1870s, he became fully aware of the quality of his guitars and his contribution to guitar making. This is also why he began numbering his instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The guitar in the 6 November sale is typical of this second period. It dates from 1882 and is numbered 35, so it is known by the abbreviation \u201cSE35\u201d (SE = \u201cseconde \u00e9poque\u201d in French, i.e. second period).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Labels that attest to his high esteem for his instruments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>His labels, more sophisticated and ornate than those of the first period, denote the high esteem in which he now held his guitars. Unlike with the first labels, he no longer used the term &#8220;por&#8221; (by) but only &#8220;D.&#8221; for \u201cDon\u201d. The Torres labels indicate two addresses located on Calle Real street in \u201cLa Canada de San Urbano\u201d, at numbers 23 and 80<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. The label of the guitar in the sale reads:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cD. Antonio de Torres \/ constructor \/ de guitarras en Sevilla, \/ vive hoy \/ en Almeria, calle real, n\u00b023. \/ Ano de 1882.[hand written] \/ Guitarra num. 35 [hand written] 2.a \u00e9poca.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.110.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>It is interesting to note that we know of an example from the very same year kept at the Mus\u00e9e de la Musique in Paris bearing the number 33. It also dates from 1882 and bears the same label. From 1885, Torres began to use a similar label inscribed \u201cSEGUNDA EPOCA\u201d, fully spelled and in capital letters, while the previous one had \u201c2a epoca\u201d in lower case in the lower right-hand corner. With this change, he further underlined the importance of this series of instruments he started making in 1875.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-36 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" data-id=\"13166\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-edited-2-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" data-id=\"13273\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1859\" class=\"wp-image-13273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette.jpg 800w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1859-etiquette-100x71.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1859<br>Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1659\" data-id=\"13164\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg\" alt=\"Etiquette d'une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-2048x1359.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-1568x1041.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-1882-etiquette-1-100x66.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Etiquette d&#8217;une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" data-id=\"13151\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg\" alt=\"Etiquette d'une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1889\" class=\"wp-image-13151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres.jpg 800w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/8-nouvelle-etiquette-Torres-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Etiquette d&#8217;une guitare de Antonio de Torres, 1889<br>*Conserv\u00e9e au Museu de la Musica de Barcelone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principles of construction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The large model: his favourite?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres reinvented the traditional guitar form by developing three models: a small one inspired by the guitar still in vogue during the second half of the 19th century; a medium one obtained by slightly enlarging the small model in its three main dimensions; and a large one \u2013 on which the instrument in the sale of 6 November 2021 is based &#8211; which took the proportions of the medium model and enlarged them again. Using the medium-sized mould as a starting point, he gradually developed this large guitar, which later became his main and favourite model. The dimensions of the SE35 are similar to those of <em>La Invincible<\/em>, a famous instrument made in 1884 that belonged to Federico Cano and that was exhibited at the Seville International Exhibition in 1922<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 196.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The luthier set out to improve every part of the instrument, and it was in order to achieve an ideal sound that he widened and thinned the soundboard, reducing its thickness to an average of 1.5mm. The 1882 model in the Vichy Ench\u00e8res sale of 6 November 2021 has a very thin front whose thickness varies between 1.3 and 1.5mm. The back is 2.5mm thick and the sides are 1.5mm thick on average.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to the thinning and widening of the soundboard, Torres had to improve its strength in order for it to withstand the tension from the pull of the strings. This led to a major innovation, in evidence inside the body of the SE35&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lainvencibledetorres.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, La Invicible, 1884\" class=\"wp-image-13171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-la-invencible-1884-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, La Invicible, 1884<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Carles Trepat plays &quot;La Invencible&quot; by Antonio de Torres 1884. &quot;Antonio  Vargas Heredia&quot;\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C94ROOhK-H4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A beautiful example of the \u201cTorres bracing\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Drawing inspiration from the Spanish tradition, Torres developed a new bracing system to strengthen the front. In the upper part, it reproduced the traditional transverse bracing system made up of two horizontal bars placed above and below the rosette. In the lower part, he designed a bracing system known as fan-shaped \u2013 i.e. a system of braces (or bars) positioned like sun rays over the entire section under the rosette. These braces allowed, by their positioning, to stiffen or soften the vibrating zones by affecting the bass and treble in order to balance the sound. We should note that this style of fan bracing can be found in the work of other luthiers before Torres &#8211; such as Louis Panormo, several guitars of whom Vichy Ench\u00e8res sold in recent years &#8211; but that it was merely used as a reinforcement device until Torres, without any consideration as to its acoustic properties. In contrast, with Torres, the bracing became a functional element that contributed to the enhancement of the vibration of the soundboard and the improvement of the sound of the instrument. To suit both medium and large guitars, the luthier designed two fan-bracing systems, one with five bars and the other with seven \u2013 the latter being the one present in the SE35 on sale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-238517b3-3c3e-4043-a109-97c276f0996b\">Therefore, this instrument offers a fine example of the \u201cTorres bracing\u201d, composed of seven fan-shaped braces resting on two diagonal bars located at the bottom of the body and which meet at the bottom block, approximately 30mm from the bottom of the soundboard. Other characteristic elements include several pencil marks inside the guitar used to indicate the correct location of the different parts:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cOnce he had worked the soundboard to the right thickness, he drew several pencil lines across the soundboard from side to side.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.94.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-4b01ae55-15cf-4e28-9568-60a0f55b230e\">Perfectionist and meticulous, Torres took great care in making his guitars and the fan bracing was arranged symmetrically &#8211; or as harmoniously as possible. The small variations that we observe between the various instruments confirm Torres&#8217;s individual attention to each of his guitars, and leads us to believe that he did not always use an external mould in order to allow him the freedom to make the adjustments he deemed necessary for each instrument<a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftn2\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" id=\"block-726c2b7f-0060-4eaf-99d2-180ddf222c96\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ad0a99e0-d6f6-467f-988f-59380a890adf\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>  Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.94.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-37 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1228\" height=\"1354\" data-id=\"13173\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie.png 1228w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-272x300.png 272w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-929x1024.png 929w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-768x847.png 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-classique-table-harmonie-91x100.png 91w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1228px) 100vw, 1228px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13175\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Louis PANORMO, Londres, 1830\" class=\"wp-image-13175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2018-11-10-vcp-guitare-panormo-louis-1830-londres-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Louis PANORMO Londres, cc 1830<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 10 novembre 2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The wood and its dendrochronological analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres\u2019s innovative spirit is also evident in his choice of materials. He was fully aware of the impact the wood used had on the sound of the instrument. In his research, he not only studied the quality of the wood he chose for the soundboard &#8211; spruce or sometimes pine, in two or three pieces &#8211; but he also looked at diversifying the types of wood used for the sides and back, in order to create a wide tonal range. During his career, he used various types of wood such as cypress, rosewood and maple &#8211; the last two species being imported and intended for the more expensive guitars, usually fitted with mechanical tuners<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. The guitar in the 6 November sale again reflects this: the top is made of spruce, while the back and sides are made of flamed and speckled maple. The neck is of cedar, the fingerboard of ebony and the bridge of rosewood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Giovanni Accornero, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.31.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The front is in three parts consisting of two main sections and a smaller one in the centre. The dendrochronology report dates the wood of each section of the front, at the latest, of 1799 (central part), 1840 (treble side) and 1845 (bass side), and indicates that they originate from different trees. In addition, it highlights a number of connections with other Torres instruments. The wood on the treble side is the same as that used for an 1864 guitar (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.christies.com\/en\/lot\/lot-4970595\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">example of an 1864 guitar<\/a>) and we found connections between the wood on the bass side and some Torres guitars including, again, <em>La Invincible<\/em> of 1884.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Decorative elements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The refinement of the rosette<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The ornamentation on this guitar is also very typical of Torres&#8217;s work. The rosette is particularly elegant and refined. The famous luthier created them by hand, inlaying the pieces of marquetry one by one, and therefore they are all unique<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Their variations are subtle and do not detract from the overall appearance so distinctive of Torres&#8217;s style:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cWe can attribute at first glance this magnificent rosette made up of concentric purfling strips, end grain wooden inlays and above all, a central section with a chevron or ear of wheat pattern, of which Torres was particularly fond.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite> J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, expert en insturments \u00e0 cordes pinc\u00e9es, interview pour Vichy Ench\u00e8res, le 13 septembre 2021 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.110.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Indeed, the rosettes are evidence of the particular affection the master had for the chevron \/ checkerboard and the ear of wheat patterns, which are often present on his instruments. Most of the time, he only used one of these patterns for the rosette, surrounded by concentric purfling strips, like in this rosette decorated with checkerboard patterns (guitar from 1883, Mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris), or the one on guitar SE58 with an ear of wheat pattern. However, some models are adorned with more elaborate rosettes which combine the ear of wheat and the checkerboard patterns, as is the case with the guitar on sale on 6 November 2021. Its central decorative element is the checkerboard, flanked by numerous concentric ebony purfling strips in various colours, ranging from green to brown, and two stripes with a green background on which have been added ear of wheat patterns of a characteristic yellow colour (the green stripes are often decorated with yellow ears of wheat<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Jos\u00e9 L. Romanillos, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.137.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-38 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1709\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13180\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1883\" class=\"wp-image-13180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-scaled.jpg 1709w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-684x1024.jpg 684w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-768x1150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1025x1536.jpg 1025w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1367x2048.jpg 1367w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-1568x2349.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-de-1883-musee-musique-paris-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1709px) 100vw, 1709px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1883<br>Conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1212\" height=\"1122\" data-id=\"13182\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, SE58\" class=\"wp-image-13182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84.jpeg 1212w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-300x278.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-1024x948.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-768x711.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/guitare-torres-antonio-de-se58-1884-accornero-p84-100x93.jpeg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1212px) 100vw, 1212px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, SE58 <br>Illustr\u00e9e dans le livre de Giovanni Accornero &#8220;Antonio de Torres, Lo Stradivari della chitarra moderna, Edizioni Museo del Violino&#8221;, 2018, p.84 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13138\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The purfling strips<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Torres usually decorated the backs and edges of his guitars with purfling, which was, in its simplest form, made up of alternating strips of dark and light colour. On the back, this purfling was placed at the joints between the different pieces of wood<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p138<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The back of the SE35 has indeed two ebony purfling strips of brown colour between the different wood sections and, on the edges, purfling made up of several strips of various colours, including a green one in the middle &#8211; which distinguishes it from other, less refined, instruments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-39 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"919\" data-id=\"13287\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-filet-75x100.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13130\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"919\" data-id=\"13285\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-filet-75x100.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The bridge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The bridge, with its understated and elegant beauty, is typical of Torres&#8217;s production. It is decorated with two mother-of-pearl eyes on either side, as well as a rectangle, also of mother-of-pearl, placed on the strings block.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Many bridges of this type are known in Torres&#8217;s production, with some dating back to the beginning of his career, <a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309198\/?resultsetnav=613a08520ee39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">as demonstrated by the 1859 instrument of the Museu de la Musica in Barcelona.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-40 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-id=\"13142\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The heel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Finally, the round shaped heel is interesting, since it is rarely present on instruments from the first period. Earlier examples mostly feature an \u201carched\u201d heel, and the rounded type seems to appear more from 1875-1880 &#8211; although Torres continued to use the earlier shape as well.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>For instance, <a href=\"https:\/\/cataleg.museumusica.bcn.cat\/detall\/fons_instruments\/H309199\/?resultsetnav=613a08520ee39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the 1862 example from the Museu de la Musica (Barcelona)<\/a> has an arched heel <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mimo-international.com\/media\/CM\/IMAGE\/CMIM000033244.jpg?_ga=2.98818590.1495612423.1630933538-1933267582.1624866448\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">while the 1885 guitar kept at the Mus\u00e9e de la Musique in Paris<\/a>, has a round heel similar to that of the SE35.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default wp-block-gallery-41 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1360\" height=\"651\" data-id=\"13294\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-300x144.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-1024x490.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-768x368.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-talon-100x48.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The restoration by Manuel Ram\u00edrez<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The label<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Inside the instrument, below the Torres label, there is another label that reads: \u201cManuel Ramirez \/ Constructor de violines y guitarras \/ Ano 1904 [handwritten] Arlaban, 10, Madrid\u201d. Manuel Ram\u00edrez (1864-1916) came from a family of luthiers renowned since the opening of their first workshop by Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00edrez I (1858-1923).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cThe Ram\u00edrez dynasty was very successful for over a hundred years and the workshop was a must-see for guitarists passing through Madrid.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>Fran\u00e7oise and Daniel Sinier de Ridder, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.162. <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Manuel Ramirez resided at two addresses in Madrid: at number 9 calle Arlaban and then at number 10 &#8211; as indicated on the label inside the Torres guitar for sale. The label also tells us about the personality of this ambitious luthier, who claimed to be a maker of both guitars and violins. This ambition was rewarded with success throughout his career, and he won a medal in 1893 at the Chicago Exhibition and was present at the Universal Exhibition of 1900 in Paris<a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. He was also appointed luthier of the Royal Conservatory of Madrid and took over the lutherie school opened by his brother Jos\u00e9, where he trained several great representatives of the Spanish lutherie, such as Domingo Esteso, Modesto Borreguero or Santos Hern\u00e1ndez. The latter produced with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/503283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the legendary guitar that launched the career of virtuoso Andr\u00e9s Segovia (1893-1987) &#8211; now in the Metropolitan Museum in New York.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" id=\"block-2b98529d-873f-4a79-9f9a-98cc170ea93c\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" id=\"block-ed07b688-3294-4528-b4ec-5aa52b5f1d0d\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=13057&amp;action=edit#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, p.167.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-42 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"489\" height=\"640\" data-id=\"13201\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait de Manuel Ram\u00edrez\" class=\"wp-image-13201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel.jpg 489w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/portrait-ramirez-manuel-76x100.jpg 76w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Portrait de Manuel Ram\u00edrez<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-43 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"314\" height=\"478\" data-id=\"13207\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare de Manuel Ramirez\" class=\"wp-image-13207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel.jpeg 314w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel-197x300.jpeg 197w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2006-06-10-vcp-guitare-ramirez-manuel-66x100.jpeg 66w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Manuel Ramirez<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 10 juin 2006<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"187\" height=\"479\" data-id=\"13209\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg\" alt=\"Guitare classique de Jose\u0301 RAMIREZ III, 1968\" class=\"wp-image-13209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya.jpeg 187w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya-117x300.jpeg 117w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2012-12-15-vcp-guitare-classique-ramirez-3-jose-1968-collection-lagoya-39x100.jpeg 39w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare classique de Jose\u0301 RAMIREZ III, 1968<br>Collection Lagoya<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 15 d\u00e9cembre 2012<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13323\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare de Manuel RAMIREZ, vers 1900\" class=\"wp-image-13323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-05.06-vcp-182113-8-guitare-ramirez-manuel-1-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare de Manuel RAMIREZ, vers 1900 <br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/gISCNQDyhOk\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The head<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Manuel Ram\u00edrez is one of the first luthiers to have understood the importance of Antonio de Torres and to have perpetuated his work. Along with the other luthiers in his workshop, he is seen as a direct successor to Torres and a founder of the Madrid school of lutherie. From the beginning of the 20th century, he made copies of the master\u2019s instruments, which attest to his admiration for him, and to the success that Torres guitars already enjoyed shortly after his death.<a href=\"https:\/\/mimo-international.com\/MIMO\/search.aspx?SC=DEFAULT&amp;QUERY=antonio+de+torres+#\/Detail\/(query:(Id:'3_OFFSET_0',Index:4,NBResults:4,PageRange:3,SearchQuery:(CloudTerms:!(),ForceSearch:!t,Page:0,PageRange:3,QueryString:'manuel%20ramirez',ResultSize:15,ScenarioCode:DEFAULT,ScenarioDisplayMode:display-mosaic,SearchLabel:'',SearchTerms:'manuel%20ramirez',SortField:Author_sort,SortOrder:0,TemplateParams:(Scenario:'',Scope:'',Size:!n,Source:'',Support:''))))\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> One of his copies is kept at the Mus\u00e9e de la Musique in Paris<\/a> and bears the facsimile label \u201cAntonio de Torr\u00e8s \/ Calle de Cerrageria 32 \/ Ano de 1868 [handwritten]\u201d. Manuel Ram\u00edrez also restored Torres guitars in his workshop, including the SE35 in the sale of 6 November 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cThe head, with its three-lobe motif, is a replacement, probably made during the restoration of the guitar in 1904 by Manuel Ram\u00edrez. He would also most likely have fitted the mechanical tuners, as they are identical to those he used on his own instruments.\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova, expert in plucked string instruments<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The head, of great finesse, is veneered in Rio rosewood. The joint is not visible because the restorer cut through the original head joint. Ram\u00edrez is also most probably behind the restoration inside the body, which consists mainly of the addition of cleats (for more details, refer to the expert&#8217;s description). Finally, although Ram\u00edrez changed its head, it is Torres&#8217;s soul that shines through this guitar. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-44 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13148\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A princely provenance<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-45 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1070\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"13188\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg\" alt=\"Photo \u201cRusses blancs&quot; issue du documentaire d'Yves Riou\" class=\"wp-image-13188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov.jpg 1070w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/russes-blancs-documentaire-yves-riou-copyright-korliakov-100x56.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1070px) 100vw, 1070px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo \u201cRusses blancs&#8221; issue du documentaire d&#8217;Yves Riou<br>\u00a9 Andre\u00ef Korliakov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-46 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"369\" height=\"530\" data-id=\"25452\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg\" alt=\"Toporkov Sergey Alexandrovich\" class=\"wp-image-25452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich.jpg 369w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/toporkov-sergey-alexandrovich-70x100.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Toporkov Sergey Alexandrovich<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"25450\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg\" alt=\"Georgi Aleksandrovich Toporkov\" class=\"wp-image-25450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov.jpg 556w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov-278x300.jpg 278w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/georgi-aleksandrovich-toporkov-93x100.jpg 93w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Georgi Aleksandrovich Toporkov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"487\" data-id=\"25454\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg\" alt=\"Fr\u00e8res Toporkov\" class=\"wp-image-25454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov.jpg 693w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/freres-toporkov-100x70.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fr\u00e8res Toporkov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The provenance of this guitar is worthy of a novel. The instrument was kept for almost thirty years in a Benedictine monastery, following a bequest from its former owner, Princess Toporkoff\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The princess, whose maiden name was Louise-Anne Jeannie Marie-Josephe Morault (Rostrenen, 1906 &#8211; Brest, 1995), married Prince Youri Alexandrovitch Toporkoff (Ekaterinoder, 1895 &#8211; Land\u00e9vennec, 1970) on 9 January 1951 in Paris. He became a naturalised French citizen in 1929 and took the name Georges Toporkoff (or Toporkof, Toporkov). His real name was Yuri Alexandrovich Toporkoff and he was born in Russia, in Ekaterinoder, on 22 September 1895. Orthodox and of hereditary nobility, he came from the Kuban region. Of noble extraction, he had graduated from the Nikolaev engineering school (\u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435) in 1916. This school trained officers for the Tsar&#8217;s Imperial Army. As part of the engineer regiment, he had fought in the First World War and joined the White Army to fight against the Soviets in the Russian Civil War. Loyal to the Tsar, he had to go into exile in Paris. In 1958, he became a member of the &#8220;Union of Devotees of the Memory of Emperor Nicholas II&#8221; (\u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f II). This organisation brought together former officers of the Imperial Russian Army, including prominent governmental and military figures who once occupied a major position in Imperial Russia, such as the former chamberlain of the Imperial Court Konstantin Petrovich Grevs, Prince Viktor Sergeevich Kochubey, or Count Georgy Alexandrovich Bobrinsky, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Georges Toporkoff was a multi-faceted man who was heavily involved in various associations and publications. He was a member of the Association des gardes en France and, from 1946 to the late 1960s, sat on the board of the Cercle (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9) des amateurs d&#8217;antiquit\u00e9s militaires russes. He was made an honorary member of the society in 1963 and contributed regularly to its collection of Russian military antiquities. From 1958 to 1970, he was editor-in-chief of the &#8220;Military History Bulletin&#8221; and, in 1967, worked for the magazine &#8220;Military Byl&#8221;. Georges Toporkoff was also a scholar with a passion for poetry. He studied the works of N.S. Gumilev, A.A. Akhmatova and A.N. Karamzin, and produced a study on Napoleon Bonaparte. His correspondence with G.P. Struve on these subjects testifies to his deep knowledge of and interest in literature and history. Toporkoff left behind numerous publications and commentaries on historical events, enriching our understanding of Russian history and culture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-47 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"905\" data-id=\"13192\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg\" alt=\"La famille Romanov\" class=\"wp-image-13192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-300x265.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-768x679.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/famille-romanov-100x88.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La famille Romanov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"593\" data-id=\"13194\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg\" alt=\"Peinture &quot;Moines dans le clo\u00eetre de S. Maria&quot;\" class=\"wp-image-13194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria.jpg 758w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/peinture-abeele-jodoens-sebastien-van-den-moines-cloitre-sainte-maria-100x78.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peinture &#8220;Moines dans le clo\u00eetre de S. Maria&#8221;<br>Abeele Jodoens Sebastien van den (1797-1855)<br>Beauvais, MUDO, mus\u00e9e de l&#8217;Oise<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>It was in Paris that he met Madame Louise-Anne Morault, who appears to have belonged to a French guitar club. So it was certainly for his wife&#8217;s use that the Prince of Toporkoff bought this superb Torres guitar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The princess was very pious, and on her death bequeathed all her possessions, both real and personal, to a Benedictine community, including her precious guitar, which remained there for decades.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova: expert gaze<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The SE35 from 1882  <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Nine instruments were produced that year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The label on the inside back reads:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>D.Antonio de Torres Constructor<br>De Guitarras en Sevilla Vive Hoy<br>En Almeria, Calle Real, N\u00b023 Ano De 1882<br>Guitarra num. 35. 2.a \u00e9poca.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>OThere is also another label on the inside back which reads: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Restauraro<br>Manuel Ramirez<br>Constructor de violines y guitarras Ano 1904 Arlaban, 10, Madrid<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>This guitar was made on the largest, by body size, of the models we know the master used. Its dimensions are:<br>&#8211; Shoulders: 272mm<br>&#8211; Waist: 232mm<br>&#8211; Hips: 361mm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are the same dimensions as for &#8220;La Invincible&#8221;, among others..<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-48 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13136\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The elements that define his style<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>We can attribute at first glance this magnificent rosette made up of concentric purfling strips, end grain wooden inlays and above all, a central section with a chevron or ear of wheat pattern, of which Torres was particularly fond.<br>The fan bracing with seven bars, plus two bars which frame them at the lower end, reinforces a soundboard of great finesse, whose thickness ranges from 1.3 to 1.5mm, and, according to the dendrochronology report, the front is in three parts.<br>The back and sides are made of flamed and speckled maple.<br>The back is in three parts separated by ebony purfling, and has a thickness of 2.5mm.<br>The ribs have an average thickness of 1.5mm.<br>The neck is of cedar and the head is veneered in Rio rosewood.<br>The fingerboard is of ebony and has 19 frets.<br>The bridge is in rosewood, decorated with two mother-of-pearl eyelets on either side and a mother-of-pearl rectangle on the strings block.<br>The string length is 650mm.<br>The spacing at the nut (head) is 50mm.<br>The total weight of the instrument is 1,182g.<br>The head, with its three-lobe motif, is a replacement, probably made during the restoration of the guitar in 1904 by Manuel Ram\u00edrez. He would also most likely have fitted the mechanical tuners, as they are identical to those he used on his own instruments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The front has a number of thin cracks visible on the surface, but only two appear to be open. There is a restoration of the purfling in the large bout on the bass side and various signs of wear from use.<br>Signs of old repairs can be seen inside, including the fitting of reinforcement cleats and canvases (see explanatory drawing). The two bars closing the fan bracing seem to be replacements as the wood they are made from seems lighter in colour. It is probably during this restoration that the ribs were reinforced, and fitted with numerous cleats in places. A spruce veneer was also applied under the rosette to reinforce it.<br>The sides are in good condition, with some traces of woodworms on the lower rib. On the inside, glued to the ribs, we note the presence of reinforcing cleats and canvases covering old cracks (see explanatory drawing).<br>There are many splits on the ebony fingerboard.<br>Old traces of glue are visible around the bridge.<br>The back is in very good condition.<br>The varnish is worn in places and shows signs of use. It has a very beautiful patina.<br>Old wooden shaped case matching the guitar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p> <strong>Estimation : 100 000 \/ 150 000 \u20ac<\/strong><br><em><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/membres-de-l-equipe\/jerome-casanova\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Expert : J\u00e9r\u00f4me Casanova<\/a><\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-49 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13128\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-01-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13130\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-02-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1707\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"13138\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-scaled.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-06-67x100.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1707px) 100vw, 1707px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13136\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13140\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-07-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" data-id=\"13142\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-08-100x67.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13144\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-09-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13146\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-10-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-12-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"13148\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882\" class=\"wp-image-13148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-1568x2352.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-67x100.jpg 67w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-11-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Guitare d&#8217;Antonio de Torres, 1882<br>Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021<br>\u00a9 Christophe DARBELET<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--50\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.interencheres.com\/meubles-objets-art\/vente-dinstruments-a-vent-et-a-cordes-pincees-297014\/lot-29210899.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">See the guitar by Antonio de Torres on Interencheres<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p> <em>This instrument  is sold in collaboration with the French auction house THIERRY &#8211;&nbsp;LANNON&nbsp;&amp; ASSOCI\u00c9S<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\ude80 <strong>Suivez-nous !<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook  wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/vichyencheres\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram  wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/vichyencheres\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Instagram<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n<li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-youtube  wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/channel\/UCmret034wxa_aeZhCCRP1Tg\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Youtube<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list is-grid columns-3 wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/04\/07\/trompe-chasse-raoux\/\" aria-label=\"Une trompe de chasse en r\u00e9 de Raoux, estampill\u00e9e \u201cSeul ordinaire du Roi\u201d\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/2026-05-02-vcp-lot353-3577-77-trompe-raoux-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Trompe de chasse en R\u00e9 de RAOUX, d\u00e9but XIX\u00e8me Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 2 mai 2026 \u00a9 Vichy Ench\u00e8res\/ Photo C. Darbelet\" style=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/04\/07\/trompe-chasse-raoux\/\">Une trompe de chasse en r\u00e9 de Raoux, estampill\u00e9e \u201cSeul ordinaire du Roi\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/03\/13\/epinette\/\" aria-label=\"L\u2019unique \u00e9pinette connue d\u2019Armand-Joseph Lion, facteur d\u2019orgues \u00e0 Mons\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u00c9pinette en aile d\u2019oiseau d&#039;Armand-Joseph LION, 1786 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 2 mai 2026 \u00a9 Vichy Ench\u00e8res\/ Photo C. Darbelet\" style=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-1568x1568.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/06-2026-05-02-vcp-3879-1-epinette-lion-armand-joseph-1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/03\/13\/epinette\/\">L\u2019unique \u00e9pinette connue d\u2019Armand-Joseph Lion, facteur d\u2019orgues \u00e0 Mons<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/03\/13\/clavecins\/\" aria-label=\"Un clavecin de Francesco Fabbri et un mod\u00e8le v\u00e9nitien : deux t\u00e9moins de la facture italienne vers 1600\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2026-05-02-vcp-2918-5-clavecin-italien-cc1630-16x9-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Clavecin italien probablement de Francesco FABBRI Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 2 mai 2026 \u00a9 Vichy Ench\u00e8res\/ Photo C. Darbelet\" style=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/2026\/03\/13\/clavecins\/\">Un clavecin de Francesco Fabbri et un mod\u00e8le v\u00e9nitien : deux t\u00e9moins de la facture italienne vers 1600<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13135,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2378,41,4,2379],"tags":[2422,2384,2385,2413,1659,150,1698,2417,2425,2438,2407,360,2429,2421,2395,439,2396,2390,477,1807,481,501,2424,517,2410,2405,2412,2402,2404,688,2411,802,808,2420,843,2386,2428,2400,2393,2419,2401,2388,2403,2383,2418,2423,2399,2387,1002,2435,2439,1658,2427,2394,2398,2389,2434,2409,2430,1767,2416,2380,2381,2391,2217,2408,2406,2382,2426,2414,2392,1460,1484,2218,2437,1559,1560,1583,2436],"class_list":["post-13057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antonio-de-torres","category-guitare","category-cordes-pincees","category-manuel-ramirez","tag-2a-epoca","tag-almeria","tag-andalousie","tag-antonio-cano","tag-antonio-de-torres","tag-auction","tag-auctioneer","tag-barcelona","tag-barrage-torres","tag-bolcheviks","tag-chopin","tag-commissaire-priseur","tag-conservatoire-royal-de-madrid","tag-d-antonio-de-torres","tag-diego-salazar","tag-domingo-esteso","tag-domingo-prat","tag-duc-de-montpensier","tag-emilio-pujol","tag-enchere","tag-encheres","tag-etienne-laurent","tag-exposition-internationale-de-seville","tag-exposition-universelle-de-paris","tag-fe09","tag-fe17","tag-federico-cano","tag-francisco-sanguino","tag-francisco-tarrega","tag-guitare","tag-hermann-hauser","tag-instruments-de-musique","tag-interencheres","tag-j-l-romanillos","tag-jerome-casanova","tag-jose-pernas","tag-jose-ramirez-i","tag-jose-recio","tag-jose-serrano","tag-josefa-martin-rosada","tag-juan-moreno","tag-juana-lopez","tag-julian-arcas","tag-la-canada-de-san-urbano","tag-la-cumbre","tag-la-invincible","tag-la-leona","tag-lorca","tag-louis-panormo","tag-louise-anne-joannie-marie-josephe-morlaut","tag-louise-anne-morlaut","tag-manuel-gutierrez","tag-manuel-ramirez","tag-manuel-soto","tag-manuel-soto-y-solares","tag-martinez-sirvent","tag-metropolitan-museum-de-new-york","tag-miguel-llobet","tag-modesto-borreguero","tag-musee-de-la-musique-de-paris","tag-museu-de-la-musica","tag-prince-toporkoff","tag-princesse-toporkoff","tag-san-telmo","tag-santos-hernandez","tag-schumann","tag-se113","tag-se35","tag-se58","tag-se77","tag-seville","tag-stradivarius","tag-table-dharmonie","tag-torres","tag-tsar-nicolas-ii","tag-vichy","tag-vichy-encheres","tag-violon","tag-youri-alexandrovitch-toporkoff","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vichyencheres\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"77 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/76259cb5a84dec51c1c2d5cc3eef0563\"},\"headline\":\"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":12015,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"2a epoca\",\"Almeria\",\"Andalousie\",\"Antonio Cano\",\"Antonio De Torres\",\"auction\",\"auctioneer\",\"Barcelona\",\"barrage Torres\",\"bolcheviks\",\"Chopin\",\"commissaire-priseur\",\"Conservatoire Royal de Madrid\",\"D. Antonio de Torres\",\"Diego Salazar\",\"Domingo ESTESO\",\"Domingo Prat\",\"duc de Montpensier\",\"Emilio PUJOL\",\"Ench\u00e8re\",\"encheres\",\"Etienne LAURENT\",\"Exposition Internationale de S\u00e9ville\",\"exposition universelle de Paris\",\"FE09\",\"FE17\",\"Federico Cano\",\"Francisco Sanguino\",\"Francisco T\u00e1rrega\",\"guitare\",\"Hermann Hauser\",\"instruments de musique\",\"interencheres\",\"J. L. Romanillos\",\"J\u00e9r\u00f4me CASANOVA\",\"Jos\u00e9 Pernas\",\"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00edrez I\",\"Jos\u00e9 Recio\",\"Jos\u00e9 Serrano\",\"Josefa Mart\u00edn Rosada\",\"Juan Moreno\",\"Juana Lopez\",\"Juli\u00e1n Arcas\",\"La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano\",\"La Cumbre\",\"La Invincible\",\"La Leona\",\"Lorca\",\"Louis PANORMO\",\"Louise-Anne Joannie Marie Jos\u00e8phe Morlaut\",\"Louise-Anne Morlaut\",\"Manuel GUTIERREZ\",\"Manuel Ram\u00edrez\",\"Manuel Soto\",\"Manuel Soto y Solares\",\"Martinez Sirvent\",\"Metropolitan Museum de New York\",\"Miguel Llobet\",\"Modesto Borreguero\",\"mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris\",\"Museu de la Musica\",\"Prince Toporkoff\",\"Princesse Toporkoff\",\"San Telmo\",\"Santos Hern\u00e1ndez\",\"Schumann\",\"SE113\",\"SE35\",\"SE58\",\"SE77\",\"S\u00e9ville\",\"STRADIVARIUS\",\"table d\u2019harmonie\",\"Torres\",\"tsar Nicolas II\",\"Vichy\",\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"violon\",\"Youri Alexandrovitch Toporkoff\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Antonio de TORRES\",\"Guitare\",\"Instruments de musique \u00e0 cordes pinc\u00e9es\",\"Manuel RAMIREZ\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/\",\"name\":\"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00\",\"description\":\"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":1707,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021 \u00a9 Christophe DARBELET\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/04\\\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"description\":\"La maison de ventes fran\u00e7aise sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans les instruments de musique depuis 1983\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/homepage_logo.gif\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/homepage_logo.gif\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":1500,\"caption\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/vichyencheres\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/vichyencheres\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.fr\\\/vichyencheres\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/76259cb5a84dec51c1c2d5cc3eef0563\",\"name\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Vichy Ench\u00e8res\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vichy-encheres.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/vichyencheres\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res","description":"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res","og_description":"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...","og_url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/","og_site_name":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vichyencheres","article_published_time":"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1707,"height":2560,"url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","Est. reading time":"77 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/"},"author":{"name":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#\/schema\/person\/76259cb5a84dec51c1c2d5cc3eef0563"},"headline":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35","datePublished":"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/"},"wordCount":12015,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg","keywords":["2a epoca","Almeria","Andalousie","Antonio Cano","Antonio De Torres","auction","auctioneer","Barcelona","barrage Torres","bolcheviks","Chopin","commissaire-priseur","Conservatoire Royal de Madrid","D. Antonio de Torres","Diego Salazar","Domingo ESTESO","Domingo Prat","duc de Montpensier","Emilio PUJOL","Ench\u00e8re","encheres","Etienne LAURENT","Exposition Internationale de S\u00e9ville","exposition universelle de Paris","FE09","FE17","Federico Cano","Francisco Sanguino","Francisco T\u00e1rrega","guitare","Hermann Hauser","instruments de musique","interencheres","J. L. Romanillos","J\u00e9r\u00f4me CASANOVA","Jos\u00e9 Pernas","Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00edrez I","Jos\u00e9 Recio","Jos\u00e9 Serrano","Josefa Mart\u00edn Rosada","Juan Moreno","Juana Lopez","Juli\u00e1n Arcas","La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano","La Cumbre","La Invincible","La Leona","Lorca","Louis PANORMO","Louise-Anne Joannie Marie Jos\u00e8phe Morlaut","Louise-Anne Morlaut","Manuel GUTIERREZ","Manuel Ram\u00edrez","Manuel Soto","Manuel Soto y Solares","Martinez Sirvent","Metropolitan Museum de New York","Miguel Llobet","Modesto Borreguero","mus\u00e9e de la Musique de Paris","Museu de la Musica","Prince Toporkoff","Princesse Toporkoff","San Telmo","Santos Hern\u00e1ndez","Schumann","SE113","SE35","SE58","SE77","S\u00e9ville","STRADIVARIUS","table d\u2019harmonie","Torres","tsar Nicolas II","Vichy","Vichy Ench\u00e8res","violon","Youri Alexandrovitch Toporkoff"],"articleSection":["Antonio de TORRES","Guitare","Instruments de musique \u00e0 cordes pinc\u00e9es","Manuel RAMIREZ"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/","url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/","name":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35 - Vichy Ench\u00e8res","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2021-10-03T22:00:11+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-02T16:25:37+00:00","description":"Une guitare SE35 de 1882 d\u2019Antonio de Torres, le Stradivarius de la guitare, dormait depuis des d\u00e9cennies dans un monast\u00e8re...","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/2021-11-06-vcp-guitare-torres-05-scaled.jpg","width":1707,"height":2560,"caption":"Guitare d'Antonio de Torres, 1882 Instrument mis en vente par Vichy Ench\u00e8res le 6 novembre 2021 \u00a9 Christophe DARBELET"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/2021\/10\/04\/guitare-antonio-de-torres-se35\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Une guitare in\u00e9dite d\u2019Antonio de Torres : la SE35"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/","name":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","description":"La maison de ventes fran\u00e7aise sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans les instruments de musique depuis 1983","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#organization","name":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/homepage_logo.gif","contentUrl":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/homepage_logo.gif","width":2000,"height":1500,"caption":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vichyencheres","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/vichyencheres","https:\/\/www.pinterest.fr\/vichyencheres"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/#\/schema\/person\/76259cb5a84dec51c1c2d5cc3eef0563","name":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/066c93c24de5d5efeb2514336fc3fb34dcbc3b5c2072da0039d9abd06643951e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Vichy Ench\u00e8res"},"url":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/author\/vichyencheres\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13057"}],"version-history":[{"count":135,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13057\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26715,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13057\/revisions\/26715"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13057"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13057"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vichy-encheres.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}